How to format your references using the Obesity Surgery citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Obesity Surgery. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

PaperpileThe citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNoteDownload the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and othersThe style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeXBibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author
1. Edler J. Research funding. Toward variable funding for international science. Science. 2012;338:331–2.
A journal article with 2 authors
1. Anderson BL, Winawer J. Image segmentation and lightness perception. Nature. 2005;434:79–83.
A journal article with 3 authors
1. Serizawa T, Hamada K-I, Akashi M. Polymerization within a molecular-scale stereoregular template. Nature. 2004;429:52–5.
A journal article with 7 or more authors
1. Gerlach D, Guo Y, De Castro C, Kim S-H, Schlatterer K, Xu F-F, et al. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus alters cell wall glycosylation to evade immunity. Nature. 2018;

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book
1. Birinyi L. The Master Trader. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2013.
An edited book
1. Bikakis A, Zheng X, editors. Multi-disciplinary Trends in Artificial Intelligence: 9th International Workshop, MIWAI 2015, Fuzhou, China, November 13-15, 2015, Proceedings. 1st ed. 2015. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015.
A chapter in an edited book
1. Zipser MC, Dummer R. Epidemiology of Histocytoses. In: Dummer R, Pittelkow MR, Iwatsuki K, Green A, Elwan NM, editors. Skin Cancer - A World-Wide Perspective. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011. p. 33–4.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Obesity Surgery.

Blog post
1. Andrew E. Single Therapy Session Cures 73% Of Insomniacs [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/brain/single-therapy-session-cures-73-insomniacs/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report
1. Government Accountability Office. Railroad Safety: DOT Should Better Manage Its Hazardous Materials Inspection Program. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1989 Nov. Report No.: RCED-90-43.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation
1. James M. Numerical Study of Plateau-Rayleigh Instability [Doctoral dissertation]. [Edwardsville, IL]: Southern Illinois University; 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article
1. Crow K. Slippers, Pudding and a Martini Glass For Auden, in This Age of Anxiety. New York Times. 2001 Oct 21;148.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal titleObesity Surgery
AbbreviationObes. Surg.
ISSN (print)0960-8923
ISSN (online)1708-0428
ScopeEndocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Surgery
Nutrition and Dietetics

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