How to format your references using the Emerging Contaminants citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Emerging Contaminants. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

B. Owens, Melanoma, Nature. 515 (2014) S109.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

C. Kemp, T. Regier, Kinship categories across languages reflect general communicative principles, Science. 336 (2012) 1049–1054.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

M.A. Torres, A.J. West, G. Li, Sulphide oxidation and carbonate dissolution as a source of CO2 over geological timescales, Nature. 507 (2014) 346–349.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

P.M. Kim, L.J. Lu, Y. Xia, M.B. Gerstein, Relating three-dimensional structures to protein networks provides evolutionary insights, Science. 314 (2006) 1938–1941.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

M. Tschirhart, W. Bielefeld, Managing Nonprofit Organizations, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., San Francisco, 2012.

An edited book

[1]

A. Campilho, M. Kamel, eds., Image Analysis and Recognition: 7th International Conference, ICIAR 2010, Póvoa de Varzim, Portugal, June 21-23, 2010. Proceedings, Part I, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

T.M. Harwood, L. L’Abate, Online Support Groups and Therapy, in: L. L’Abate (Ed.), Self-Help in Mental Health: A Critical Review, Springer, New York, NY, 2010: pp. 79–99.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Emerging Contaminants.

Blog post

[1]

E. Andrew, Your Personality Could Influence How Well You Fight Disease, IFLScience. (2015). https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/your-personality-could-influence-how-well-you-fight-disease/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, School Bullying: Extent of Legal Protections for Vulnerable Groups Needs to Be More Fully Assessed, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2012.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

C.L. Shibata, Building positive body image in adolescent girls: An evaluation of a body image prevention program, Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

N. MacFARQUHAR, Demonstrators Hit the Streets to Fight Moscow’s Mass Renovation Plan, New York Times. (2017) A7.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Emerging Contaminants
Abbreviation	Emerg. Contam.
ISSN (print)	2405-6650
Scope

Research and Writing Guides