How to format your references using the Obesity citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Obesity. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Allen GE. Essays on science and society. Is a new eugenics afoot? Science 2001;294:59–61.

A journal article with 2 authors

Scotland RW, Sanderson MJ. The significance of few versus many in the tree of life. Science 2004;303:643.

A journal article with 3 authors

Fendorf S, Michael HA, van Geen A. Spatial and temporal variations of groundwater arsenic in South and Southeast Asia. Science 2010;328:1123–1127.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Meier MF, Dyurgerov MB, Rick UK, et al. Glaciers dominate eustatic sea-level rise in the 21st century. Science 2007;317:1064–1067.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Gallant BJ. Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response Manual. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2006.

An edited book

Gelbukh A, Albornoz Á de, Terashima-Marín H eds. MICAI 2005: Advances in Artificial Intelligence: 4th Mexican International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Monterrey, Mexico, November 14-18, 2005. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2005.

A chapter in an edited book

Köhn H. Jewish Life in Camps after 1945. Displaced Persons Camps in the US Zone of Germany. In: Hoppe A (ed.). Catastrophes: Views from Natural and Human Sciences. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016, pp 63–80.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Obesity.

Blog post

Andrew E. (2018). Want To Know Your Risk Of Dying In The Next Five Years? Take The Ubble Age Test. [WWW document]. URL https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/want-know-your-risk-dying-next-five-years-take-ubble-age-test/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Air Traffic Control: Ineffective Management Plagues $1.7-Billion Radar Program. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1990.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Rahschulte RL. An Examination of the Effectiveness and Efficiency of Detect, Practice, and Repair versus Traditional Cover, Copy, and Compare Procedures: A Component Analysis. 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Williams J. Alcoholism in America. New York Times 2017:BR4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1, 2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Obesity
Abbreviation	Obesity (Silver Spring)
ISSN (print)	1930-7381
ISSN (online)	1930-739X
Scope	Endocrinology Medicine (miscellaneous) Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Nutrition and Dietetics