How to format your references using the Nursing Inquiry citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Nursing Inquiry. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Knight, Jonathan C. 2003. “Photonic Crystal Fibres.” Nature 424 (6950): 847–51.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hemberger, Myriam, and Roger Pedersen. 2010. “Stem Cells. Epigenome Disruptors.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 330 (6004): 598–99.

A journal article with 3 authors

Wild, K., I. Sinning, and S. Cusack. 2001. “Crystal Structure of an Early Protein-RNA Assembly Complex of the Signal Recognition Particle.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 294 (5542): 598–601.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Sironi, Laura, Margaux Bouzin, Donato Inverso, Laura D’Alfonso, Paolo Pozzi, Franco Cotelli, Luca G. Guidotti, Matteo Iannacone, Maddalena Collini, and Giuseppe Chirico. 2014. “In Vivo Flow Mapping in Complex Vessel Networks by Single Image Correlation.” Scientific Reports 4 (December):7341.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lieberman, Jeffrey A., and Allan Tasman. 2006. Handbook of Psychiatric Drugs. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Zhang, Chengqi, Wei Huang, Yong Shi, Philip S. Yu, Yangyong Zhu, Yingjie Tian, Peng Zhang, and Jing He, eds. 2015. Data Science: Second International Conference, ICDS 2015, Sydney, Australia, August 8-9, 2015, Proceedings. Vol. 9208. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Hill, Dana. 2016. “Adding Value: Building Mutually Beneficial Strategic Partnerships.” In 50 Billion Dollar Boss: African American Women Sharing Stories of Success in Entrepreneurship and Leadership, edited by Andrea Hoffman, 47–55. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan US.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Nursing Inquiry.

Blog post

Andrew, Elise. 2015. “Desert Farms Could Power Flight With Sunshine And Seawater.” IFLScience. IFLScience. June 8, 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2010. “Campaign Finance Reform: Experiences of Two States That Offered Full Public Funding for Political Candidates.” GAO-10-390. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Teeter, Corinne Michelle. 2010. “Characterizing the Spatial Density Functions of Neural Arbors.” Doctoral dissertation, La Jolla, CA: University of California San Diego.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Saslow, Linda. 2006. “In Suffolk, a Plan to Keep Emergency Volunteers.” New York Times, December 17, 2006.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Knight 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Knight 2003; Hemberger and Pedersen 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Hemberger and Pedersen 2010)
Three authors: (Wild, Sinning, and Cusack 2001)
4 or more authors: (Sironi et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Nursing Inquiry
Abbreviation	Nurs. Inq.
ISSN (print)	1320-7881
ISSN (online)	1440-1800
Scope	General Nursing