How to format your references using the Nursing Inquiry citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Nursing Inquiry. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Wunsch, Carl. 2002. “Oceanography. What Is the Thermohaline Circulation?” Science (New York, N.Y.) 298 (5596): 1179–81.

A journal article with 2 authors

Landskron, Kai, and Geoffrey A. Ozin. 2004. “Periodic Mesoporous Dendrisilicas.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 306 (5701): 1529–32.

A journal article with 3 authors

Brunkard, Jacob O., Anne M. Runkel, and Patricia C. Zambryski. 2015. “Evolution. Comment on ‘A Promiscuous Intermediate Underlies the Evolution of LEAFY DNA Binding Specificity.’” Science (New York, N.Y.) 347 (6222): 621.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Xing, Mingyang, Fan Shen, Bocheng Qiu, and Jinlong Zhang. 2014. “Highly-Dispersed Boron-Doped Graphene Nanosheets Loaded with TiO2 Nanoparticles for Enhancing CO2 Photoreduction.” Scientific Reports 4 (September):6341.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Yu, Jun, and Dacheng Tao. 2013. Modern Machine Learning Techniques and Their Applications in Cartoon Animation Research. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Spaccapietra, Stefano, Paolo Atzeni, François Fages, Mohand-Saïd Hacid, Michael Kifer, John Mylopoulos, Barbara Pernici, Pavel Shvaiko, Juan Trujillo, and Ilya Zaihrayeu, eds. 2007. Journal on Data Semantics IX. Vol. 4601. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Merzouki, Rochdi, Arun Kumar Samantaray, Pushparaj Mani Pathak, and Belkacem Ould Bouamama. 2013. “Rigid Body, Flexible Body, and Micro Electromechanical Systems.” In Intelligent Mechatronic Systems: Modeling, Control and Diagnosis, edited by Arun Kumar Samantaray, Pushparaj Mani Pathak, and Belkacem Ould Bouamama, 281–433. London: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Nursing Inquiry.

Blog post

Andrew, Elise. 2014. “Giant Impacts, Planet Formation And The Search For Life Elsewhere.” IFLScience. IFLScience. December 12, 2014. https://www.iflscience.com/space/giant-impacts-planet-formation-and-search-life-elsewhere/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1973. “DOD’s Data Banks on Contractors’ Independent Research and Development Programs.” B-163391. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Krauss, William Fritz. 2010. “The Role of a Middle Management Team during a Directed Restructuring: A Case Study of a Government Agency Using Stones’ Strong Structuration.” Doctoral dissertation, Washington, DC: George Washington University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Detrick, Ben. 2017. “Where Nobody Knows Your Name.” New York Times, September 6, 2017.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Wunsch 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Wunsch 2002; Landskron and Ozin 2004).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Landskron and Ozin 2004)
Three authors: (Brunkard, Runkel, and Zambryski 2015)
4 or more authors: (Xing et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Nursing Inquiry
Abbreviation	Nurs. Inq.
ISSN (print)	1320-7881
ISSN (online)	1440-1800
Scope	General Nursing