How to format your references using the Nursing Inquiry citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Nursing Inquiry. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Holmes, David. 2015. “A Disease of Growth.” Nature 521 (7551): S2-3.

A journal article with 2 authors

Gebbers, Robin, and Viacheslav I. Adamchuk. 2010. “Precision Agriculture and Food Security.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 327 (5967): 828–31.

A journal article with 3 authors

Gagné, Jean-Philippe, Michèle Rouleau, and Guy G. Poirier. 2012. “Structural Biology. PARP-1 Activation--Bringing the Pieces Together.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 336 (6082): 678–79.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Gizzi, Anthony S., Tyler L. Grove, Jamie J. Arnold, Joyce Jose, Rohit K. Jangra, Scott J. Garforth, Quan Du, et al. 2018. “Publisher Correction: A Naturally Occurring Antiviral Ribonucleotide Encoded by the Human Genome.” Nature 562 (7725): E3.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Peters, Mark, David Glasser, Diane Hildebrandt, and Shehzaad Kauchali. 2011. Membrane Process Design Using Residue Curve Maps. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Peters, James F., Andrzej Skowron, Marcin Wolski, Mihir K. Chakraborty, and Wei-Zhi Wu, eds. 2009. Transactions on Rough Sets X. Vol. 5656. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Jansen, Christina, Florian Göbe, and Thomas Noll. 2014. “Generating Inductive Predicates for Symbolic Execution of Pointer-Manipulating Programs.” In Graph Transformation: 7th International Conference, ICGT 2014, Held as Part of STAF 2014, York, UK, July 22-24, 2014. Proceedings, edited by Holger Giese and Barbara König, 65–80. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Nursing Inquiry.

Blog post

Hamilton, Kristy. 2016. “Trees Are Much Better At Creating Clouds And Cooling The Climate Than We Thought.” IFLScience. IFLScience. October 10, 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/trees-are-much-better-at-creating-clouds-and-cooling-the-climate-than-we-thought/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1974. “Space Transportation System.” 093967. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hertzman, Rachel. 2013. “Yemen’s Migrant Networks as Critical Factor in Political Opposition to the Imamate.” Doctoral dissertation, Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Grynbaum, Michael M. 2017. “Is It Wrong to Body Slam a Journalist? These Days, Opinions Vary.” New York Times, May 26, 2017.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Holmes 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Holmes 2015; Gebbers and Adamchuk 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Gebbers and Adamchuk 2010)
Three authors: (Gagné, Rouleau, and Poirier 2012)
4 or more authors: (Gizzi et al. 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	Nursing Inquiry
Abbreviation	Nurs. Inq.
ISSN (print)	1320-7881
ISSN (online)	1440-1800
Scope	General Nursing