How to format your references using the Nurse Leader citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Nurse Leader. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Venkatraman V. Working life. The space roboticist. Science. 2015;349(6245):338.

A journal article with 2 authors

Choi JK, Bowles S. The coevolution of parochial altruism and war. Science. 2007;318(5850):636-640.

A journal article with 3 authors

Jedema FJ, Filip AT, Van Wees BJ. Spintronics (Communication arising): Spin accumulation in mesoscopic systems. Nature. 2002;416(6883):810.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Trocha P, Karpov M, Ganin D, et al. Ultrafast optical ranging using microresonator soliton frequency combs. Science. 2018;359(6378):887-891.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Cann AJ. Mathe Für Biologen. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2004.

An edited book

Wolter K, ed. Formal Methods and Stochastic Models for Performance Evaluation: Fourth European Performance Engineering Workshop, EPEW 2007, Berlin, Germany, September 27-28, 2007. Proceedings. Vol 4748. Springer; 2007.

A chapter in an edited book

Aoki M, Fukuda T. An Algorithm for Computing p-Class Groups of Abelian Number Fields. In: Hess F, Pauli S, Pohst M, eds. Algorithmic Number Theory: 7th International Symposium, ANTS-VII, Berlin, Germany, July 23-28, 2006. Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer; 2006:56-71.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Nurse Leader.

Blog post

Hale T. Male Garter Snakes Enjoy Orgies So Much They Will Almost Die For Them. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. University Finances: Research Revenues and Expenditures. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1986.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Muenyong-Zinner S. Care First Wound Healing Center a Business Plan. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Soloski A. The Ethics of Telling Someone Else’s Story. New York Times. May 6, 2015:C3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Nurse Leader
Abbreviation	Nurse Lead.
ISSN (print)	1541-4612
Scope	Leadership and Management

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