How to format your references using the North American Journal of Economics and Finance citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for North American Journal of Economics and Finance. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ashworth, W. J. (2004). Metrology and the state: science, revenue, and commerce. Science (New York, N.Y.), 306(5700), 1314–1317.

A journal article with 2 authors

Que, L., Jr, & Tolman, W. B. (2008). Biologically inspired oxidation catalysis. Nature, 455(7211), 333–340.

A journal article with 3 authors

Serganov, A., Huang, L., & Patel, D. J. (2009). Coenzyme recognition and gene regulation by a flavin mononucleotide riboswitch. Nature, 458(7235), 233–237.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Lecellier, C.-H., Dunoyer, P., Arar, K., Lehmann-Che, J., Eyquem, S., Himber, C., Saïb, A., & Voinnet, O. (2005). A cellular microRNA mediates antiviral defense in human cells. Science (New York, N.Y.), 308(5721), 557–560.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Reed, S. M., & Hrci. (2017). The HRCI Official Body of Knowledge. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Müller, K. A., & Bussmann-Holder, A. (Eds.). (2005). Superconductivity in Complex Systems: -/- (Vol. 114). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Engquist, B. (2005). Multi-scale Modeling. In M. Benedicks, P. W. Jones, S. Smirnov, & B. Winckler (Eds.), Perspectives in Analysis: Essays in Honor of Lennart Carleson’s 75th Birthday (pp. 51–61). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for North American Journal of Economics and Finance.

Blog post

Carpineti, A. (2016, June 16). Astronomers Have Spotted The Most Distant Oxygen In The Universe. IFLScience; IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1992). Transportation Infrastructure: The Nation’s Highway Bridges Remain at Risk From Earthquakes (RCED-92-59). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Spillman, S. A. (2014). Is More Always Better: Comparing the Effects of Single and Multiple Learning Channels on Academic Performance [Doctoral dissertation]. University of South Florida.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow, K. (2003, August 31). Never-Never Land. New York Times, 141.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Ashworth, 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Ashworth, 2004; Que & Tolman, 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Que & Tolman, 2008)
Three authors: (Serganov et al., 2009)
6 or more authors: (Lecellier et al., 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	North American Journal of Economics and Finance
ISSN (print)	1062-9408
Scope	Economics and Econometrics Finance