How to format your references using the Nordic Social Work Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Nordic Social Work Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Friedman, J. M. 2000. “Obesity in the New Millennium.” Nature 404 (6778): 632–634.

A journal article with 2 authors

Bell, J. Jeremiah, and Avinash Bhandoola. 2008. “The Earliest Thymic Progenitors for T Cells Possess Myeloid Lineage Potential.” Nature 452 (7188): 764–767.

A journal article with 3 authors

Chan, Chio Mui, Chun Zhou, and Raven H. Huang. 2009. “Reconstituting Bacterial RNA Repair and Modification in Vitro.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 326 (5950): 247.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Bawden, G. W., W. Thatcher, R. S. Stein, K. W. Hudnut, and G. Peltzer. 2001. “Tectonic Contraction across Los Angeles after Removal of Groundwater Pumping Effects.” Nature 412 (6849): 812–815.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Courant, R., and E. J. McShane. 1988. Differential and Integral Calculus. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Savransky, Martin. 2016. The Adventure of Relevance: An Ethics of Social Inquiry. Edited by Isabelle Stengers. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK.

A chapter in an edited book

Deng, Liming, Qiujin Chen, and Yanyan Zhang. 2014. “Developing EFL Learners’ Generic Competence in Reading and Writing: A Process Genre Approach.” In Developing Chinese EFL Learners’ Generic Competence: A Genre-Based & Process Genre Approach, edited by Qiujin Chen and Yanyan Zhang, 31–50. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Nordic Social Work Research.

Blog post

Andrews, Robin. 2015. “Newly Discovered Fossil Suggests Complex Skeletons Evolved Earlier Than Thought.” IFLScience. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2013. 911 Services: Most States Used 911 Funds for Intended Purposes, but FCC Could Improve Its Reporting on States’ Use of Funds. GAO-13-376. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Coar, Holly. 2010. “Using Mandalas to Support Grieving Female Adolescents: A Case Study.” Doctoral dissertation, Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner, James. 2017. “The Mets Believe Cabrera Could Be a Keeper.” New York Times, August 4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Friedman 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Friedman 2000; Bell and Bhandoola 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Bell and Bhandoola 2008)
Three authors: (Chan, Zhou, and Huang 2009)
4 or more authors: (Bawden et al. 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Nordic Social Work Research
Abbreviation	Nord. Soc. Work Res.
ISSN (print)	2156-857X
ISSN (online)	2156-8588
Scope