How to format your references using the Nordic Social Work Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Nordic Social Work Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hublin, Jean-Jacques. 2014. “Anthropology. How to Build a Neandertal.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 344 (6190): 1338–1339.

A journal article with 2 authors

Tegler, S. C., and W. Romanishin. 2000. “Extremely Red Kuiper-Belt Objects in near-Circular Orbits beyond 40 AU.” Nature 407 (6807): 979–981.

A journal article with 3 authors

Lopinski, G. P., D. D. Wayner, and R. A. Wolkow. 2000. “Self-Directed Growth of Molecular Nanostructures on Silicon.” Nature 406 (6791): 48–51.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Rösler, Christine, Josef Köck, Michael H. Malim, Hubert E. Blum, and Fritz von Weizsäcker. 2004. “Comment on ‘Inhibition of Hepatitis B Virus Replication by APOBEC3G.’” Science (New York, N.Y.) 305 (5689): 1403; author reply 1403.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lado, Ernesto Penas. 2016. The Common Fisheries Policy. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Toi, Vo Van, and Truong Quang Dang Khoa, eds. 2010. The Third International Conference on the Development of Biomedical Engineering in Vietnam: BME2010, 11–14 January, 2010, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Vol. 27. IFMBE Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Degirmenci, Elif, Frederic Surre, and Pascal Landais. 2011. “THz Waveguide and Bends Based on Metallic Photonic Crystals.” In Terahertz and Mid Infrared Radiation: Generation, Detection and Applications, edited by Mauro F. Pereira and Oleksiy Shulika, 23–27. NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B: Physics and Biophysics. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Nordic Social Work Research.

Blog post

Hale, Tom. 2017. “2016 Had The Biggest Rise In US Drug Overdose Deaths Ever.” IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/2016-had-the-biggest-rise-in-us-drug-overdose-deaths-ever/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2008. Highway Public-Private Partnerships: More Rigorous Up-Front Analysis Could Better Secure Potential Benefits and Protect the Public Interest. GAO-08-1149R. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Howard-Skipper, Joni. 2014. “Leadership That Promotes Teacher Empowerment among Urban Middle School Science Teachers.” Doctoral dissertation, Minneapolis, MN: Capella University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh, Mary Williams. 2016. “Failed Talks Raise Specter of Biggest Default in Puerto Rico Crisis.” New York Times, January 24.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Hublin 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Hublin 2014; Tegler and Romanishin 2000).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Tegler and Romanishin 2000)
Three authors: (Lopinski, Wayner, and Wolkow 2000)
4 or more authors: (Rösler et al. 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Nordic Social Work Research
Abbreviation	Nord. Soc. Work Res.
ISSN (print)	2156-857X
ISSN (online)	2156-8588
Scope