How to format your references using the Clinical Microbiology Reviews citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Clinical Microbiology Reviews (CMR). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Velev OD. 2006. Materials science. Self-assembly of unusual nanoparticle crystals. Science 312:376–377.

A journal article with 2 authors

Traverso G, Langer R. 2015. Perspective: Special delivery for the gut. Nature 519:S19.

A journal article with 3 authors

Gregory JM, Huybrechts P, Raper SCB. 2004. Climatology: threatened loss of the Greenland ice-sheet. Nature 428:616.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Singh SC, Crawford WC, Carton H, Seher T, Combier V, Cannat M, Pablo Canales J, Düsünür D, Escartin J, Miranda JM. 2006. Discovery of a magma chamber and faults beneath a Mid-Atlantic Ridge hydrothermal field. Nature 442:1029–1032.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Halpin DW, Senior BA. 2009. Financial Management and Accounting Fundamentals for Construction. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

2013. Trends in Practical Applications of Agents and Multiagent Systems: 11th International Conference on Practical Applications of Agents and Multi-Agent Systems. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Raut JS, Karuppayil SM. 2014. Bioprospecting of Plant Essential Oils for Medicinal Uses, p. 59–76. In Fulekar, MH, Pathak, B, Kale, RK (eds.), Environment and Sustainable Development. Springer India, New Delhi.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Clinical Microbiology Reviews.

Blog post

Carpineti A. 2016. What’s The Most Expensive Object In The World? IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/british-power-plant-set-be-one/. Retrieved 30 October 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1994. [Comments on DOD Data Center Consolidation Plan]. B-256497. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hausmann RC. 2015. Organizing Ecosystems for Social Innovation: The Relationality of Contexts and Mechanisms in a Social Entrepreneurship Network. Doctoral dissertation. George Washington University, Washington, DC.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Paulson M. 2017. ‘Groundhog Day’ Will Close on Sept. 17. New York Times.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1, 2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Clinical Microbiology Reviews
Abbreviation	Clin. Microbiol. Rev.
ISSN (print)	0893-8512
ISSN (online)	1098-6618
Scope	General Immunology and Microbiology Epidemiology Infectious Diseases Microbiology (medical) Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

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