How to format your references using the Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gewin V. Mapping opportunities. Nature. 2004;427(6972):376-377.

A journal article with 2 authors

Ghosh A, Ganesan K. Policy: Rethink India’s energy strategy. Nature. 2015;521(7551):156-157.

A journal article with 3 authors

Boisvert CA, Mark-Kurik E, Ahlberg PE. The pectoral fin of Panderichthys and the origin of digits. Nature. 2008;456(7222):636-638.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Burkepile DE, Allgeier JE, Shantz AA, et al. Nutrient supply from fishes facilitates macroalgae and suppresses corals in a Caribbean coral reef ecosystem. Sci Rep. 2013;3:1493.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Isobe K, Watanabe W, Itoh K. Functional Imaging by Controlled Nonlinear Optical Phenomena. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2013.

An edited book

Aslam M. Drought Stress in Maize (Zea Mays L.): Effects, Resistance Mechanisms, Global Achievements and Biological Strategies for Improvement. (Maqbool MA, Cengiz R, eds.). Springer International Publishing; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

Trezzi JP, Vlassis N, Hiller K. The Role of Metabolomics in the Study of Cancer Biomarkers and in the Development of Diagnostic Tools. In: Scatena R, ed. Advances in Cancer Biomarkers: From Biochemistry to Clinic for a Critical Revision. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Springer Netherlands; 2015:41-57.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews.

Blog post

O`Callaghan J. Everything You Need To Know About Proxima b, The Closest Earth-Like Exoplanet To Earth. IFLScience. August 26, 2016. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/space/everything-you-need-to-know-about-proxima-b-the-closest-earthlike-exoplanet-to-earth/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Human Capital: Building the Information Technology Workforce to Achieve Results. U.S. Government Printing Office; 2001.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Smith SM. The Relationship Between Political Affiliation and Student Achievement in the Areas of Reading and Mathematics, with Respect to Black Students. Doctoral dissertation. Lindenwood University; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Otis J. Student Gains Confidence With Help From an ‘Angel.’ New York Times. January 10, 2017:A20.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews
Abbreviation	Newborn Infant Nurs. Rev.
ISSN (print)	1527-3369
Scope	Pediatrics