How to format your references using the Environmental Technology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Environmental Technology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Cullen BR. Viral and cellular messenger RNA targets of viral microRNAs. Nature. 2009;457:421–425.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Taylor JRA, Kier WM. Switching skeletons: hydrostatic support in molting crabs. Science. 2003;301:209–210.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Cottam J, Paerels F, Mendez M. Gravitationally redshifted absorption lines in the X-ray burst spectra of a neutron star. Nature. 2002;420:51–54.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

Liu Y, Zhao Q, Li M-H, et al. Device-independent quantum random-number generation. Nature. 2018;562:548–551.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Wood T, Anderson M, Analytics F. The Commercial Real Estate Tsunami. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2010.

An edited book

[1]

Mitasiunas A, Rout T, O’Connor RV, et al., editors. Software Process Improvement and Capability Determination: 14th International Conference, SPICE 2014, Vilnius, Lithuania, November 4-6, 2014, Proceedings. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Kaeslin H. Semiconductor Technology and the Energy Efficiency of ICT. In: Hilty LM, Aebischer B, editors. ICT Innovations for Sustainability. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015. p. 105–111.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Environmental Technology.

Blog post

[1]

Taub B. Friendship Helps Chimps De-Stress [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/friendship-helps-chimps-de-stress/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. FACE Recognition Technology: FBI Should Better Ensure Privacy and Accuracy [Reissued on August 3, 2016]. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2016. Report No.: GAO-16-267. .

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Heredia R. Leadership Development in a Multigenerational Workplace: An Exploratory Study [Doctoral dissertation]. [Malibu, CA]: Pepperdine University; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Pilon M. Hands Speak Louder Than Words. New York Times. 2014 Feb 21;B11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Environmental Technology
Abbreviation	Environ. Technol.
ISSN (print)	0959-3330
ISSN (online)	1479-487X
Scope	Environmental Chemistry Waste Management and Disposal Water Science and Technology General Medicine

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