How to format your references using the New Testament Studies citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for New Testament Studies. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Romanowicz, B. ‘Using seismic waves to image Earth’s internal structure’. Nature 451, no. 7176 (2008): 266–68.

A journal article with 2 authors

Barbraud, C., and H. Weimerskirch. ‘Emperor penguins and climate change’. Nature 411, no. 6834 (2001): 183–86.

A journal article with 3 authors

Elf, J., G.-W. Li, and X. S. Xie. ‘Probing transcription factor dynamics at the single-molecule level in a living cell’. Science (New York, N.Y.) 316, no. 5828 (2007): 1191–94.

A journal article with 10 or more authors

Zengin, G., G. Johansson, P. Johansson, T. J. Antosiewicz, M. Käll, and T. Shegai. ‘Approaching the strong coupling limit in single plasmonic nanorods interacting with J-aggregates’. Scientific Reports 3 (2013): 3074.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Pérez Fontán, F., and P. Mariño Espiñeira. Modeling the Wireless Propagation Channel. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2008.

An edited book

White, R., ed. Climate Change from a Criminological Perspective. New York, NY: Springer, 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

Bădică, A., and C. Bădică. ‘Modeling Interactions in Agent-Based English Auctions with Matchmaking Capabilities’. Pages 45–54 in Intelligent Distributed Computing, Systems and Applications: Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Intelligent Distributed Computing – IDC 2008, Catania, Italy, 2008. Edited by C. Badica, G. Mangioni, V. Carchiolo, and D. D. Burdescu. Studies in Computational Intelligence. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2008.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for New Testament Studies.

Blog post

Fang, J. ‘A New Parasite Is Infecting Tadpoles Across Three Continents’. IFLScience. IFLScience, August 10, 2015. No pages. Cited 30 October 2018. Online: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/new-parasite-infecting-tadpoles-across-three-continents/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Transportation Worker Identification Credential: Card Reader Pilot Results Are Unreliable; Security Benefits Should Be Reassessed. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, June 18, 2013.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Dutta, A. ‘Systems optimization for mobility management’. Doctoral dissertation, New York, NY: Columbia University, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hernández, J. C. ‘From His Father’s Decline, de Blasio “Learned What Not to Do”’. New York Times, October 14, 2013.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text

About the journal

Full journal title	New Testament Studies
Abbreviation	New Testam. Stud.
ISSN (print)	0028-6885
ISSN (online)	1469-8145
Scope	History Religious studies