How to format your references using the Neurosurgical Review citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Neurosurgical Review. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Monroe C (2002) Quantum information processing with atoms and photons. Nature 416:238–246

A journal article with 2 authors

Prather MJ, Hsu J (2010) Coupling of nitrous oxide and methane by global atmospheric chemistry. Science 330:952–954

A journal article with 3 authors

Matsunami H, Montmayeur JP, Buck LB (2000) A family of candidate taste receptors in human and mouse. Nature 404:601–604

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Piel M, Nordberg J, Euteneuer U, Bornens M (2001) Centrosome-dependent exit of cytokinesis in animal cells. Science 291:1550–1553

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Malhotra G (2010) Chemical Process Simplification. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Bentley G (2015) European Instructional Lectures: Volume 15, 2015, 16th EFORT Congress, Prague, Czech Republic. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Carral D, Feier C, Hitzler P (2016) A Practical Acyclicity Notion for Query Answering Over Horn- $$\mathcal {SRIQ}$$ Ontologies. In: Groth P, Simperl E, Gray A, Sabou M, Krötzsch M, Lecue F, Flöck F, Gil Y (eds) The Semantic Web – ISWC 2016: 15th International Semantic Web Conference, Kobe, Japan, October 17–21, 2016, Proceedings, Part I. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 70–85

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Neurosurgical Review.

Blog post

Davis J (2017) Asthma Can Impact The Sex Lives Of Sufferers. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/asthma-can-impact-the-sex-lives-of-sufferers/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2012) Mobile Device Location Data: Additional Federal Actions Could Help Protect Consumer Privacy. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Gramajo GG (2014) Guidance control of small UAV with energy and maneuverability limitations for a search and coverage mission. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner J (2017) Cubs Open Title Defense With a One-Two Punch by Bryant and Rizzo. New York Times D3

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [2].
This sentence cites two references [2, 4].
This sentence cites four references [4, 5, 7, 8].

About the journal

Full journal title	Neurosurgical Review
Abbreviation	Neurosurg. Rev.
ISSN (print)	0344-5607
ISSN (online)	1437-2320
Scope	General Medicine Clinical Neurology Surgery