How to format your references using the Neuropathology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Neuropathology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Wakeley J. Complex speciation of humans and chimpanzees. Nature. 2008 Mar 13;452(7184):E3-4; discussion E4.

A journal article with 2 authors

Holland MD, Hastings A. Strong effect of dispersal network structure on ecological dynamics. Nature. 2008 Dec 11;456(7223):792–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

Peltier WR, Liu Y, Crowley JW. Snowball Earth prevention by dissolved organic carbon remineralization. Nature. 2007 Dec 6;450(7171):813–8.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Brake JM, Daschner MK, Luk YY, Abbott NL. Biomolecular interactions at phospholipid-decorated surfaces of liquid crystals. Science. 2003 Dec 19;302(5653):2094–7.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

German Geotechnical Society. Taschenbuch für den Tunnelbau 2014. D-69451 Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH; 2013.

An edited book

Puls R, Hosten N, editors. Whole-body MRI Screening. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2014. XII, 374 p. 208 illus., 5 illus. in color.

A chapter in an edited book

Marinč M, Vlahu R. Systemic Crises. In: Vlahu R, editor. The Economics of Bank Bankruptcy Law. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012. p. 65–84.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Neuropathology.

Blog post

Andrew E. Produce from the World’s First Underground Urban Farm is About to Hit Shelves [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/produce-worlds-first-underground-urban-farm-about-hit-shelves/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Technology Assessment: Water in the Energy Sector: Reducing Freshwater Use in Hydraulic Fracturing and Thermoelectric Power Plant Cooling. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2015 Aug. Report No.: GAO-15-545.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Herrera EC. Emancipating youth from foster care: A content analysis of existing literature [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Grynbaum MM. Right-Wing Provocateur Is Given More Fodder for His Conspiracies. New York Times. 2017 Oct 9;A15.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Neuropathology
Abbreviation	Neuropathology
ISSN (print)	0919-6544
ISSN (online)	1440-1789
Scope	General Medicine Clinical Neurology Pathology and Forensic Medicine