How to format your references using the NeuroImage: Clinical citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for NeuroImage: Clinical. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Schiermeier, Q., 2007. A change of gear at Siemens. Nature 448, 852–853.

A journal article with 2 authors

Schoelkopf, R.J., Girvin, S.M., 2008. Wiring up quantum systems. Nature 451, 664–669.

A journal article with 3 authors

Rawson, P.D., Yund, P.O., Lindsay, S.M., 2007. Comment on “Divergent induced responses to an invasive predator in marine mussel populations.” Science 316, 53; author reply 53.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Orieux, A., Boutari, J., Barbieri, M., Paternostro, M., Mataloni, P., 2014. Experimental linear-optics simulation of multipartite non-locality in the ground state of a quantum Ising ring. Sci. Rep. 4, 7184.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Blair, R., 2011. Organic Production and Food Quality. Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK.

An edited book

Avadhanam, S., Jyothsna, G., Kashyap, A. (Eds.), 2016. Next Generation DNA Led Technologies, 1st ed. 2016. ed, SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology. Springer, Singapore.

A chapter in an edited book

Costantini, A., Gutierrez, E., Cacheiro, J.L., Rodriguez, A., Gervasi, O., Laganà, A., 2010. Porting of GROMACS Package into the Grid Environment: Testing of a New Distribution Strategy, in: Taniar, D., Gervasi, O., Murgante, B., Pardede, E., Apduhan, B.O. (Eds.), Computational Science and Its Applications – ICCSA 2010: International Conference, Fukuoka, Japan, March 23-26, 2010, Proceedings, Part IV, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 41–52.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for NeuroImage: Clinical.

Blog post

Taub, B., 2016. World’s Oldest Human Bone Reportedly Found In Saudi Arabia [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2012. Maritime Security: Progress and Challenges 10 Years after the Maritime Transportation Security Act (No. GAO-12-1009T). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Markarian, L.A., 2010. Strengths, challenges, and quality of life of ALS caregivers (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brantley, B., 2016. Time Takes the Sharp Edges Off a Femme Fatale in a David Hare Revival. New York Times C6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Schiermeier, 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Schiermeier, 2007; Schoelkopf and Girvin, 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Schoelkopf and Girvin, 2008)
Three or more authors: (Orieux et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	NeuroImage: Clinical
Abbreviation	NeuroImage Clin.
ISSN (print)	2213-1582
Scope	Clinical Neurology Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging Cognitive Neuroscience Neurology