How to format your references using the NeuroImage citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for NeuroImage. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Boyd, P., 2004. Ocean science. Ironing out algal issues in the Southern Ocean. Science 304, 396–397.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hegerl, G.C., Solomon, S., 2009. Climate change. Risks of climate engineering. Science 325, 955–956.

A journal article with 3 authors

Hoffmann, K.F., Brindley, P.J., Berriman, M., 2014. Medicine. Halting harmful helminths. Science 346, 168–169.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Sañudo-Wilhelmy, S.A., Kustka, A.B., Gobler, C.J., Hutchins, D.A., Yang, M., Lwiza, K., Burns, J., Capone, D.G., Raven, J.A., Carpenter, E.J., 2001. Phosphorus limitation of nitrogen fixation by Trichodesmium in the central Atlantic Ocean. Nature 411, 66–69.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Colloms, M., Darlington, P., 2005. High Performance Loudspeakers. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd,., West Sussex, England.

An edited book

Bhushan, B., Kawata, S. (Eds.), 2007. Applied Scanning Probe Methods VI: Characterization, NanoScience and Technology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

García-Alcaraz, J.L., Maldonado-Macías, A.A., 2016. Causes of Slow Implementation of JIT, in: Macías, A.A.M. (Ed.), Just-in-Time Elements and Benefits, Management and Industrial Engineering. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 75–85.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for NeuroImage.

Blog post

Carpineti, A., 2016. Electrons Are Mysteriously Accelerated At The Edge Our Planet’s Magnetosphere [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/space/electrons-are-mysteriously-accelerated-at-the-edge-our-planet-s-magnetosphere/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1975. Increased Compliance Needed With Nursing Home Health and Sanitary Standards (No. MWD-76-8). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Panteleyeva, N.B., 2010. Statistical methods of latent structure discovery in child-directed speech (Doctoral dissertation). Indiana University, Bloomington, IN.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Stewart, J.B., 2016. Tax Cuts for Americans Like Trump. New York Times B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Boyd, 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Boyd, 2004; Hegerl and Solomon, 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Hegerl and Solomon, 2009)
Three or more authors: (Sañudo-Wilhelmy et al., 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	NeuroImage
Abbreviation	Neuroimage
ISSN (print)	1053-8119
Scope	Cognitive Neuroscience Neurology