How to format your references using the Nature Reviews Immunology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Nature Reviews Immunology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Rehmann, H. Epac-inhibitors: facts and artefacts. Sci. Rep. 3, 3032 (2013).

A journal article with 2 authors

Seelig, J. D. & Jayaraman, V. Feature detection and orientation tuning in the Drosophila central complex. Nature 503, 262–266 (2013).

A journal article with 3 authors

Nishiyama, T., Ohsumi, K. & Kishimoto, T. Phosphorylation of Erp1 by p90rsk is required for cytostatic factor arrest in Xenopus laevis eggs. Nature 446, 1096–1099 (2007).

A journal article with 6 or more authors

Liu, T.-L. et al. Observing the cell in its native state: Imaging subcellular dynamics in multicellular organisms. Science 360, (2018).

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

McMaster, M. C. LC/MS. (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2005).

An edited book

Fuzzy Modeling with Spatial Information for Geographic Problems. (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2005).

A chapter in an edited book

Suki, B. & Bartolák-Suki, E. Biomechanics of the Aging Lung Parenchyma. in Mechanical Properties of Aging Soft Tissues (eds. Derby, B. & Akhtar, R.) 95–133 (Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2015).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Nature Reviews Immunology.

Blog post

Hale, T. Wally The Whale’s Carcass Keeps Washing Up On California Beaches. IFLScience (2016).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Low-Income and Minority Serving Institutions: Department of Education Could Improve Its Monitoring and Assistance. (2004).

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Perantoni, E. J. Course design based on the Kolb learning style as it relates to student success in online classes. (Lindenwood University, St. Charles, MO, 2010).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Conte, L. Scouting Report. New York Times E4 (2011).

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Nature Reviews Immunology
Abbreviation	Nat. Rev. Immunol.
ISSN (print)	1474-1733
ISSN (online)	1474-1741
Scope