How to format your references using the Natural Hazards citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Natural Hazards. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Corkum P (2000) Laser physics. Attosecond pulses at last. Nature 403:845–846

A journal article with 2 authors

Liu Q, Zhang P (2014) IR Li2Ga2GeS6 nanocrystallized GeS2-Ga2S3-Li2S electroconductive chalcogenide glass with good nonlinearity. Sci Rep 4:5719

A journal article with 3 authors

Murakami S, Nagaosa N, Zhang S-C (2003) Dissipationless quantum spin current at room temperature. Science 301:1348–1351

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Mondal C, Khan AH, Das B, et al (2013) Origin of chains of Au-PbS nano-dumbbells in space. Sci Rep 3:2612

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Maksoud MA (2017) Quick Reference to Dental Implant Surgery. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Zeadally S, Cerqueira E, Curado M, Leszczuk M (eds) (2010) Future Multimedia Networking: Third International Workshop, FMN 2010, Kraków, Poland, June 17-18, 2010. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Kim J (2014) Image Enhancement for Improving Object Recognition. In: Kim J, Shin H (eds) Algorithm & SoC Design for Automotive Vision Systems: For Smart Safe Driving System. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp 73–106

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Natural Hazards.

Blog post

Andrew E (2014) Mysterious Bright Object Spotted On Titan. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/mysterious-bright-object-spotted-titan/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2005) National Airspace System: Progress and Ongoing Challenges for the Air Traffic Organization. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Maitland J (2017) Differences in Perceived Organizational Justice Based Upon Overall Performance Appraisal Ratings. Doctoral dissertation, Capella University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Barron J (2017) Theater Evokes a Non-Disposable Experience, And It Starts With What’s Served at the Bar. New York Times A15

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Corkum 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Corkum 2000; Liu and Zhang 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Liu and Zhang 2014)
Three or more authors: (Mondal et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Natural Hazards
Abbreviation	Nat. Hazards (Dordr.)
ISSN (print)	0921-030X
ISSN (online)	1573-0840
Scope	Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) Atmospheric Science Water Science and Technology