How to format your references using the Natural Hazards citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Natural Hazards. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kyriacou CP (2009) Physiology. Unraveling traveling. Science 325:1629–1630

A journal article with 2 authors

Silphaduang U, Noga EJ (2001) Peptide antibiotics in mast cells of fish. Nature 414:268–269

A journal article with 3 authors

Khor B, Gardet A, Xavier RJ (2011) Genetics and pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. Nature 474:307–317

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Escher P, Lacazette E, Courtet M, et al (2005) Synapses form in skeletal muscles lacking neuregulin receptors. Science 308:1920–1923

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

McCurley L (2016) Professional Rope Access. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Bini RR, Carpes FP (eds) (2014) Biomechanics of Cycling. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Fratantonio Y, Kruegel C, Vigna G (2011) Shellzer: A Tool for the Dynamic Analysis of Malicious Shellcode. In: Sommer R, Balzarotti D, Maier G (eds) Recent Advances in Intrusion Detection: 14th International Symposium, RAID 2011, Menlo Park, CA, USA, September 20-21, 2011. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 61–80

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Natural Hazards.

Blog post

Davis J (2016) How Predictive Are Climate Models? In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/how-predictive-are-climate-models/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1988) An Empty Pump Down the Road? U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Gauen KE (2009) The impact of the Instructional Practices Inventory at an Illinois middle school. Doctoral dissertation, Lindenwood University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Berkman S (2017) Mets’ Matz Needs Elbow Surgery in Another Blow to the Rotation. New York Times B10

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Kyriacou 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Silphaduang and Noga 2001; Kyriacou 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Silphaduang and Noga 2001)
Three or more authors: (Escher et al. 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Natural Hazards
Abbreviation	Nat. Hazards (Dordr.)
ISSN (print)	0921-030X
ISSN (online)	1573-0840
Scope	Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) Atmospheric Science Water Science and Technology