How to format your references using the Nanoscience Methods citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Nanoscience Methods. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Marx V. The DNA of a nation. Nature. 2015;524:503–505.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Gelb MH, Hol WGJ. Parasitology. Drugs to combat tropical protozoan parasites. Science. 2002;297:343–344.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Ward CV, Kimbel WH, Johanson DC. Complete fourth metatarsal and arches in the foot of Australopithecus afarensis. Science. 2011;331:750–753.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

Kang HJ, Yi YW, Hong YB, et al. HER2 confers drug resistance of human breast cancer cells through activation of NRF2 by direct interaction. Sci Rep. 2014;4:7201.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Gerardi MH. Settleability Problems and Loss of Solids in the Activated Sludge Process. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2003.

An edited book

[1]

Luk’yanchuk IA, Mezzane D, editors. Smart Materials for Energy, Communications and Security. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2008.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Lin J-L, Yan H-S. Modern Reconstruction Research. In: Yan H-S, editor. Decoding the Mechanisms of Antikythera Astronomical Device. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2016. p. 63–84.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Nanoscience Methods.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. Do Flies Have Emotions? [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/flies-may-have-basic-building-blocks-emotions/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Review of NASA’s Solicitation for the Leasing of Office Space in the Houston, Texas, Area. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1978. Report No.: LCD-78-325. .

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Payne NA. Adults who have learning disabilities: Transition from GED to postsecondary activities [Doctoral dissertation]. [Minneapolis, MN]: Capella University; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Hodara S. The City of Lights, When It Was First Lighted. New York Times. 2016 Jun 4;CT8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Nanoscience Methods
ISSN (online)	2164-2311
Scope

Research and Writing Guides