How to format your references using the Nanoscience Methods citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Nanoscience Methods. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Harwood C. A microbiologist hopes to disrupt bacterial “decisions.” Nature. 2008;455(7209):5.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Frey BJ, Dueck D. Clustering by passing messages between data points. Science. 2007;315(5814):972–976.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Shim S-B, Imboden M, Mohanty P. Synchronized oscillation in coupled nanomechanical oscillators. Science. 2007;316(5821):95–99.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

Mitchell DG, Brandt PC, Roelof EC, et al. Energetic neutral atom emissions from Titan interaction with Saturn’s magnetosphere. Science. 2005;308(5724):989–992.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

He Z. Wavelet Analysis and Transient Signal Processing Applications for Power Systems. Singapore: John Wiley & Sons Singapore Pte. Ltd; 2016.

An edited book

[1]

Pollin S. Software Defined Radios: From Smart(er) to Cognitive. Timmers M, Van der Perre L, editors. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Delnooz A, Six D. Identification of Market Models and Associated Billing Strategies for the Provision of EV Charging Services. In: Beeton D, Meyer G, editors. Electric Vehicle Business Models: Global Perspectives. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015. p. 55–66.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Nanoscience Methods.

Blog post

[1]

Hale T. “Most Convincing Picture” Of Loch Ness Monster Looks A Lot Like Some Seals [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/most-convincing-picture-of-loch-ness-monster-looks-a-lot-like-some-seals/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Resolution Trust Corporation: Stronger Information Technology Leadership Needed. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1990. Report No.: IMTEC-90-76. .

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Karlen DJ. The Biocomplexity of Benthic Communities Associated with a Shallow-water Hydrothermal System in Papua New Guinea [Doctoral dissertation]. [Tampa, FL]: University of South Florida; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Crow K. Pool or Gym? A Task Force Chooses Both. New York Times. 2001 Jun 3;146.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Nanoscience Methods
ISSN (online)	2164-2311
Scope