How to format your references using the Multiple Sclerosis Journal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Multiple Sclerosis Journal. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Gimalac A. Recruiters and industry. Building biostatistics. Nature. 2004; 430(6996):276.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Nielsen S, Zenkin N. Transcription. Response to Comment on ‘Mechanism of eukaryotic RNA polymerase III transcription termination’. Science. 2014; 345(6196):524.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Dhara S, Mele EJ, Agarwal R. APPLIED OPTICS. Voltage-tunable circular photogalvanic effect in silicon nanowires. Science. 2015; 349(6249):726–729.

A journal article with 6 or more authors

1. Sandoval H, Thiagarajan P, Dasgupta SK, et al. Essential role for Nix in autophagic maturation of erythroid cells. Nature. 2008; 454(7201):232–235.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Arden JB, Linford L. Brain-Based Therapy with Adults. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2008.

An edited book

1. Kollmitzer C, Pivk M eds. Applied Quantum Cryptography. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Boxer D. Discourse Issues in Cross-Cultural Pragmatics: Educating the Community. In: Hult FM, ed. Directions and Prospects for Educational Linguistics. Educational Linguistics. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2010:49–61.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Multiple Sclerosis Journal.

Blog post

1. Hamilton K. African Countries Square Up For Battle Over Future Of Ivory Trade Ban. IFLScience. 2016. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/african-countries-square-up-for-battle-over-future-of-ivory-trade-ban/ [Accessed October 30, 2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Transportation Safety: Results of Collection of Information on State Permitting Practices for Oversize Vehicles (GAO-15-235SP, February 2015), an E-supplement to GAO-15-236 [Reissued on February 27, 2015]. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2015.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Cebada-Ricalde MC. Synthesis and characterization of PANI-coated VGCNFs and evaluation of its use for corrosion inhibition. 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Wilson M. A Respected Figure, Undone by His Lies. New York Times. 2017:A22.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1],[2].
This sentence cites four references [1]–[4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Multiple Sclerosis Journal
Abbreviation	Mult. Scler.
ISSN (print)	1352-4585
ISSN (online)	1477-0970
Scope	Clinical Neurology Neurology

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