How to format your references using the Motivation and Emotion citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Motivation and Emotion. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kielpinski, D. (2015). Quantum physics: Quantum sound waves stick together. Nature, 527(7576), 45–46.

A journal article with 2 authors

Lowell, B. B., & Spiegelman, B. M. (2000). Towards a molecular understanding of adaptive thermogenesis. Nature, 404(6778), 652–660.

A journal article with 3 authors

Reinhard, C. T., Planavsky, N. J., & Lyons, T. W. (2013). Long-term sedimentary recycling of rare sulphur isotope anomalies. Nature, 497(7447), 100–103.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Akturk, A., Wasilko, D. J., Wu, X., Liu, Y., Zhang, Y., Qiu, J., et al. (2018). Mechanism of phosphoribosyl-ubiquitination mediated by a single Legionella effector. Nature, 557(7707), 729–733.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Chinesta, F., Cescotto, S., Cueto, E., & Lorong, P. (2013). Natural Element Method for the Simulation of Structures and Processes. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Blanc-Talon, J., Bone, D., Philips, W., Popescu, D., & Scheunders, P. (Eds.). (2010). Advanced Concepts for Intelligent Vision Systems: 12th International Conference, ACIVS 2010, Sydney, Australia, December 13-16, 2010, Proceedings, Part I (Vol. 6474). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Starkey, C., & Tomalin, E. (2013). Gender, Buddhism and Education: Dhamma and Social Transformation Within the Theravada Tradition. In Z. Gross, L. Davies, & A.-K. Diab (Eds.), Gender, Religion and Education in a Chaotic Postmodern World (pp. 55–71). Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Motivation and Emotion.

Blog post

Hamilton, K. (2014, September 18). 15 Common Inaccuracies Found In Science Illustrations. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/watch-video-about-15-inaccuracies-found-common-science-illustrations/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1996). Transportation Enhancements: Status of the $2.4 Billion Authorized for Nonmotorized Transportation (No. RCED-96-156). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Green, J. T. (2010). The relationship between technology support and extent of technology integration into college-level foreign language curricula (Doctoral dissertation). University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brantley, B. (2016, October 24). Time Takes the Sharp Edges Off a Femme Fatale in a David Hare Revival. New York Times, p. C6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Kielpinski 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Kielpinski 2015; Lowell and Spiegelman 2000).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Lowell and Spiegelman 2000)
Three or more authors: (Akturk et al. 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	Motivation and Emotion
Abbreviation	Motiv. Emot.
ISSN (print)	0146-7239
ISSN (online)	1573-6644
Scope	Experimental and Cognitive Psychology Social Psychology