How to format your references using the Motivation and Emotion citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Motivation and Emotion. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kniffen, D. A. (2000). Instrument’s ability to do the job is NASA’s priority. Nature, 405(6782), 14.

A journal article with 2 authors

Kirzhner, T., & Koren, G. (2014). Pairing and the phase diagram of the normal coherence length ξN(T, x) above Tc of La(2-x)Sr(x)CuO4 thin films probed by the Josephson effect. Scientific reports, 4, 6244.

A journal article with 3 authors

Feurer, T., Vaughan, J. C., & Nelson, K. A. (2003). Spatiotemporal coherent control of lattice vibrational waves. Science (New York, N.Y.), 299(5605), 374–377.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Choe, J., Lin, S., Zhang, W., Liu, Q., Wang, L., Ramirez-Moya, J., et al. (2018). mRNA circularization by METTL3-eIF3h enhances translation and promotes oncogenesis. Nature, 561(7724), 556–560.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ahmad, A. (2005). Wireless and Mobile Data Networks. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Sharp, C., & Tackett, J. L. (Eds.). (2014). Handbook of Borderline Personality Disorder in Children and Adolescents. New York, NY: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Uteshev, A. Y., & Yashina, M. V. (2016). On Maxwell’s Conjecture for Coulomb Potential Generated by Point Charges. In M. L. Gavrilova & C. J. K. Tan (Eds.), Transactions on Computational Science XXVII (pp. 68–80). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Motivation and Emotion.

Blog post

Hale, T. (2015, October 17). Watch Monster Magnetic Putty Devour Metal Objects. IFLScience. IFLScience. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2010). NASA: Medium Launch Transition Strategy Leverages Ongoing Investments but Is Not Without Risk (No. GAO-11-107). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Song, H. (2006). Systematics of Cyrtacanthacridinae (Orthoptera: Acrididae) with a Focus on the Genus Schistocerca Stål 1873: Evolution of Locust Phase Polyphenism and Study of Insect Genitalia (Doctoral dissertation). Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kenigsberg, B. (2017, April 13). Film Series. New York Times, p. C27.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Kniffen 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Kirzhner and Koren 2014; Kniffen 2000).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Kirzhner and Koren 2014)
Three or more authors: (Choe et al. 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	Motivation and Emotion
Abbreviation	Motiv. Emot.
ISSN (print)	0146-7239
ISSN (online)	1573-6644
Scope	Experimental and Cognitive Psychology Social Psychology