How to format your references using the Modern Italy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Modern Italy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Wilmot, Carrie M. 2007. “Biochemistry. An Ancient and Intimate Partnership.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 316 (5823): 379–380.

A journal article with 2 authors

Santolík, Ondrej, and Jaroslav Chum. 2009. “Planetary Science. The Origin of Plasmaspheric Hiss.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 324 (5928): 729–730.

A journal article with 3 authors

Baumgart, Tobias, Samuel T. Hess, and Watt W. Webb. 2003. “Imaging Coexisting Fluid Domains in Biomembrane Models Coupling Curvature and Line Tension.” Nature 425 (6960): 821–824.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Johnson, Warren E., David P. Onorato, Melody E. Roelke, E. Darrell Land, Mark Cunningham, Robert C. Belden, Roy McBride, et al. 2010. “Genetic Restoration of the Florida Panther.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 329 (5999): 1641–1645.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Dowd, Kevin. 2005. Measuring Market Risk. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

An edited book

Ferrari, Michel, and Ljiljana Vuletic, eds. 2010. The Developmental Relations among Mind, Brain and Education: Essays in Honor of Robbie Case. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

A chapter in an edited book

Alberti, Samuel J. M. M. 2016. “A Pathological Pot.” In The Material Cultures of Enlightenment Arts and Sciences, edited by Adriana Craciun and Simon Schaffer, 43–45. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Modern Italy.

Blog post

Luntz, Stephen. 2017. “Risk Of Death Is Significantly Lower In Teaching Hospitals.” IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/risk-of-death-is-significantly-lower-in-teaching-hospitals-/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1979. Science Indicators: Improvements Needed in Design, Construction, and Interpretation. PAD-79-35. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Davis, Kevin. 2010. “Manifesting Archetypal Energy through Music.” Doctoral dissertation, Carpinteria, CA: Pacifica Graduate Institute.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow, Kelly. 2001. “The Best and the Brightest Under Fire.” New York Times, March 18.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Wilmot 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Wilmot 2007; Santolík and Chum 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Santolík and Chum 2009)
Three authors: (Baumgart, Hess, and Webb 2003)
4 or more authors: (Johnson et al. 2010)

About the journal

Full journal title	Modern Italy
Abbreviation	Mod. Italy
ISSN (print)	1353-2944
ISSN (online)	1469-9877
Scope	History Sociology and Political Science Anthropology Cultural Studies