How to format your references using the Modern Electronic Materials citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Modern Electronic Materials. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

R. Pielke Jr, Gather data to reveal true extent of doping in sport, Nature 517 (2015) 529.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

J.P. Swaddle, A.A. Biewener, Exercise and reduced muscle mass in starlings, Nature 406 (2000) 585–586.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

J. O’Connor, X. Zheng, Z. Zhou, Zheng et al. reply, Nature 499 (2013) E1-2.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

J. Ablain, M. Xu, H. Rothschild, R.C. Jordan, J.K. Mito, B.H. Daniels, C.F. Bell, N.M. Joseph, H. Wu, B.C. Bastian, L.I. Zon, I. Yeh, Human tumor genomics and zebrafish modeling identify SPRED1 loss as a driver of mucosal melanoma, Science (2018).

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

D. Stefanoiu, P. Borne, D. Popescu, F.G. Filip, A. El Kamel, Optimization in Engineering Sciences: Approximate and Metaheuristic Methods, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2014.

An edited book

[1]

Y. Zou, Physical-Layer Security for Cooperative Relay Networks, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

A.M. Jamieson, M. Farlik, T. Decker, How Stats Interact with the Molecular Machinery of Transcriptional Activation, in: T. Decker, M. Müller (Eds.), Jak-Stat Signaling : From Basics to Disease, Springer, Vienna, 2012: pp. 65–89.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Modern Electronic Materials.

Blog post

[1]

A. Carpineti, ESA Successfully Tests Technology For A Gravitational Wave Space Observatory, IFLScience (2016). https://www.iflscience.com/space/esa-successfully-tests-technology-for-a-gravitational-wave-space-observatory/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Federal Research: Concerns About the Superconducting Super Collider, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1992.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

J.W. Edwards, The Relation Between Expressed Emotion and Adolescent Psychopathology, Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University, 2006.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

J. Leland, Waiting, New York Times (2017) MB7.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Modern Electronic Materials
ISSN (print)	2452-1779
Scope