How to format your references using the Military Medical Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Military Medical Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Stevenson DJ. Mars’ core and magnetism. Nature. 2001;412:214–9.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Bengtson S, Budd G. Comment on “Small bilaterian fossils from 40 to 55 million years before the Cambrian.” Science. 2004;306:1291; author reply 1291.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Paraschiv-Ionescu A, Buchser E, Aminian K. Unraveling dynamics of human physical activity patterns in chronic pain conditions. Sci Rep. 2013;3:2019.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Wood SA, Guerry AD, Silver JM, Lacayo M. Using social media to quantify nature-based tourism and recreation. Sci Rep. 2013;3:2976.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Stoker JJ. Differential Geometry. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 1988.

An edited book

1. Tillema H, Westhuizen GJ van der, Smith K, editors. Mentoring for Learning: “Climbing the Mountain.” Rotterdam: SensePublishers; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Baudrier É, Mazo L. Curve Digitization Variability. In: Normand N, Guédon J, Autrusseau F, editors. Discrete Geometry for Computer Imagery: 19th IAPR International Conference, DGCI 2016, Nantes, France, April 18-20, 2016 Proceedings. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016. p. 59–70.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Military Medical Research.

Blog post

1. Taub B. Italy Calls In Its Army To Help Grow Medical Marijuana. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Useful Techniques for Examining Automated Data Processing Systems. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1969 Jan. Report No.: 091168.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Adrian DE. School scheduling models and the achievement of at-risk students: A causal-comparative study [Doctoral dissertation]. [Phoenix, AZ]: University of Phoenix; 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Gladstone R, Specia M. At the U.N., Pressure Builds on Myanmar Over a ‘Human Rights Nightmare.’ New York Times. 2017 Sep 29;A4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Military Medical Research
Abbreviation	Mil. Med. Res.
ISSN (online)	2054-9369
Scope	General Medicine