How to format your references using the Micromachines citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Micromachines. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Myers, M.G., Jr Cell Biology. Moonlighting in Mitochondria. Science 2009, 323, 723–724.

A journal article with 2 authors

Chuong, E.B.; Feschotte, C. Evolution. Transposons up the Dosage. Science 2013, 342, 812–813.

A journal article with 3 authors

Liu, W.; Pellegrini, M.; Wang, X. Detecting Communities Based on Network Topology. Sci. Rep. 2014, 4, 5739.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Ito, M.; Yang, Z.; Andl, T.; Cui, C.; Kim, N.; Millar, S.E.; Cotsarelis, G. Wnt-Dependent de Novo Hair Follicle Regeneration in Adult Mouse Skin after Wounding. Nature 2007, 447, 316–320.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Chen, Z.N.; Chia, M.Y.W. Broadband Planar Antennas; John Wiley & Sons, Ltd: Chichester, UK, 2006; ISBN 9780470871768.

An edited book

Low Carbon Urban Infrastructure Investment in Asian Cities; Jupesta, J., Wakiyama, T., Eds.; Cities and the Global Politics of the Environment; Palgrave Macmillan UK: London, 2016; ISBN 9781137596758.

A chapter in an edited book

Chackelson, C.; Errasti, A.; Tanco, M. A World Class Order Picking Methodology: An Empirical Validation. In Advances in Production Management Systems. Value Networks: Innovation, Technologies, and Management: IFIP WG 5.7 International Conference, APMS 2011, Stavanger, Norway, September 26-28, 2011, Revised Selected Papers; Frick, J., Laugen, B.T., Eds.; IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology; Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg, 2012; pp. 27–36 ISBN 9783642339790.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Micromachines.

Blog post

Andrew, E. Volcanoes May Have Heated Mars To Make Liquid Water Possible Available online: https://www.iflscience.com/space/volcanoes-may-have-heated-mars-make-liquid-water-possible/ (accessed on 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office Developing and Using Questionnaires; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 1986;

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Magda, B. Increasing Efficacy of Emergency Departments through Systems Analysis of Enterprise Architecture: Mitigating the Impact of Technological Change. Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University: Washington, DC, 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Beschloss, M. The Buck Shouldn’t Stop Here. New York Times 2017, BR8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Micromachines
Abbreviation	Micromachines (Basel)
ISSN (online)	2072-666X
Scope	Control and Systems Engineering Electrical and Electronic Engineering Mechanical Engineering