How to format your references using the Microbiological Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Microbiological Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Spurgeon, D., 2003. Canada boosts spending on science. Nature 421, 880.

A journal article with 2 authors

Pisharody, S.N., Jones, R.R., 2004. Probing two-electron dynamics of an atom. Science 303, 813–815.

A journal article with 3 authors

Powner, M.W., Gerland, B., Sutherland, J.D., 2009. Synthesis of activated pyrimidine ribonucleotides in prebiotically plausible conditions. Nature 459, 239–242.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Allen, G.J., Chu, S.P., Harrington, C.L., Schumacher, K., Hoffmann, T., Tang, Y.Y., Grill, E., Schroeder, J.I., 2001. A defined range of guard cell calcium oscillation parameters encodes stomatal movements. Nature 411, 1053–1057.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Le Chevalier, F., Lesselier, D., Staraj, R., 2011. Non-standard Antennas. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Mana, N., Schwenker, F., Trentin, E. (Eds.), 2012. Artificial Neural Networks in Pattern Recognition: 5th INNS IAPR TC 3 GIRPR Workshop, ANNPR 2012, Trento, Italy, September 17-19, 2012. Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Duggan, J., 2007. Using System Dynamics and Multiple Objective Optimization to Support Policy Analysis for Complex Systems, in: Qudrat-Ullah, H., Spector, J.M., Davidsen, P.I. (Eds.), Complex Decision Making: Theory and Practice, Understanding Complex Systems. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 59–81.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Microbiological Research.

Blog post

Davis, J., 2015. New Hormone Therapy Could Slow Half of all Breast Cancers [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/new-hormone-therapy-could-slow-half-all-breast-cancers/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1978. The Federal Information Processing Standards Program: Many Potential Benefits, Little Progress, and Many Problems (No. FGMSD-78-23). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Mazza, C.A., 2011. The Influence of Meteorological Parameters on Rainfall and Severe Weather in Pinellas County, FL (Doctoral dissertation). University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

James, G., 2000. Talking and Driving: Growing Road Menace? New York Times 14NJ1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Spurgeon, 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Pisharody and Jones, 2004; Spurgeon, 2003).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Pisharody and Jones, 2004)
Three or more authors: (Allen et al., 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Microbiological Research
Abbreviation	Microbiol. Res.
ISSN (print)	0944-5013
Scope	Microbiology