How to format your references using the Microbiological Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Microbiological Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Wang, Q., 2013. China’s citizens must act to save their environment. Nature 497, 159.

A journal article with 2 authors

Casals, F., Bertranpetit, J., 2012. Genetics. Human genetic variation, shared and private. Science 337, 39–40.

A journal article with 3 authors

Pettinato, G., Wen, X., Zhang, N., 2014. Formation of well-defined embryoid bodies from dissociated human induced pluripotent stem cells using microfabricated cell-repellent microwell arrays. Sci. Rep. 4, 7402.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Dortmans, J.C.F.M., Dekkers, J., Wickramasinghe, I.N.A., Verheije, M.H., Rottier, P.J.M., van Kuppeveld, F.J.M., de Vries, E., de Haan, C.A.M., 2013. Adaptation of novel H7N9 influenza A virus to human receptors. Sci. Rep. 3, 3058.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Equipment Testing Procedures Committee of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, 2014. Trayed and Packed Columns. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Mitchell, D.A., Berovič, M., Krieger, N. (Eds.), 2006. Solid-State Fermentation Bioreactors: Fundamentals of Design and Operation. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Har-Peled, S., Koltun, V., 2005. Separability with Outliers, in: Deng, X., Du, D.-Z. (Eds.), Algorithms and Computation: 16th International Symposium, ISAAC 2005, Sanya, Hainan, China, December 19-21, 2005. Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 28–39.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Microbiological Research.

Blog post

Hamilton, K., 2016. Can You Solve This Math Problem That Went Viral In Japan? [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/can-you-solve-math-problem-went-viral-japan/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1992. FBI: Advanced Communications Technologies Pose Wiretapping Challenges (No. IMTEC-92-68BR). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Winhusen, E.R., 2001. Precambrian Seawater Temperature Analysis Using Oxygen Isotopes from Hamersley Carbonates, Western Australia (Doctoral dissertation). University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Lowrey, A., 2013. The Bucks Stopped Here. New York Times MM30.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Wang, 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Casals and Bertranpetit, 2012; Wang, 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Casals and Bertranpetit, 2012)
Three or more authors: (Dortmans et al., 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Microbiological Research
Abbreviation	Microbiol. Res.
ISSN (print)	0944-5013
Scope	Microbiology