How to format your references using the Gastrointestinal Tumors citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Gastrointestinal Tumors. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Orrit M. Chemistry. The motions of an enzyme soloist. Science. 2003 Oct;302(5643):239–40.

A journal article with 2 authors

Zimbelman JR, Scheidt SP. Hesperian age for western Medusae Fossae Formation, Mars. Science. 2012 Jun;336(6089):1683.

A journal article with 3 authors

Wu L-A, Segal D, Brumer P. No-go theorem for ground state cooling given initial system-thermal bath factorization. Sci Rep. 2013;3:1824.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Cui H, Cruz-Correa M, Giardiello FM, Hutcheon DF, Kafonek DR, Brandenburg S, et al. Loss of IGF2 imprinting: a potential marker of colorectal cancer risk. Science. 2003 Mar;299(5613):1753–5.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Stevens BA, Roediger E. Breaking Negative Relationship Patterns. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2016.

An edited book

Orlovskaya N, Lugovy M, editors. Boron Rich Solids: Sensors, Ultra High Temperature Ceramics, Thermoelectrics, Armor. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

Roşu G, Chen F, Ball T. Synthesizing Monitors for Safety Properties: This Time with Calls and Returns. In: Leucker M, editor. Runtime Verification: 8th International Workshop, RV 2008, Budapest, Hungary, March 30, 2008. Selected Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2008; pp 51–68.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Gastrointestinal Tumors.

Blog post

Andrew E. Video shows Earth’s seasons as seen from space [Internet]. IFLScience. 2014 Jan [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/video-shows-earths-seasons-seen-space/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Guaranteed Student Loans: Analysis of Insurance Premiums Charged by Guaranty Agencies. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1987.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Thompson MC. Autonomy in occupational health nursing: An application of Abbott’s Theory of Professions. 2008

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

de la MERCED MJ. Atlanta Firm Lures Veteran Deal Maker Back to Law. New York Times. 2017 May;B5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Gastrointestinal Tumors
Abbreviation	Gastrointest. Tumors
ISSN (print)	2296-3774
ISSN (online)	2296-3766
Scope

Research and Writing Guides