How to format your references using the Micro and Nano Systems Letters citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Micro and Nano Systems Letters. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Finkbeiner A (2011) JASON past, present, and future: the world’s most independent defence science advisers. Nature 477:397–399

A journal article with 2 authors

Feldman DE, Brecht M (2005) Map plasticity in somatosensory cortex. Science 310:810–815

A journal article with 3 authors

Blöchliger N, Vitalis A, Caflisch A (2014) High-resolution visualisation of the states and pathways sampled in molecular dynamics simulations. Sci Rep 4:6264

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Eisebitt S, Lüning J, Schlotter WF, et al (2004) Lensless imaging of magnetic nanostructures by X-ray spectro-holography. Nature 432:885–888

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Fliszár S (2008) Atomic Charges, Bond Properties, and Molecular Energies. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Sartor G, Casanovas P, Biasiotti M, Fernández-Barrera M (2011) Approaches to Legal Ontologies: Theories, Domains, Methodologies. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht

A chapter in an edited book

Bertolissi C, Ranise S (2013) Verification of Composed Array-Based Systems with Applications to Security-Aware Workflows. In: Fontaine P, Ringeissen C, Schmidt RA (eds) Frontiers of Combining Systems: 9th International Symposium, FroCoS 2013, Nancy, France, September 18-20, 2013. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 40–55

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Micro and Nano Systems Letters.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) Recording The Entire Nervous System In Real Time Will Unlock Secrets Of The Brain. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/recording-entire-nervous-system-real-time-will-unlock-secrets-brain/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1989) Traffic Congestion: Trends, Measures, and Effects. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Battaglia M (2015) Presenting a pluralized past: Assessing the efficacy of multivocal, bison-themed lesson units as a public education and outreach strategy for archaeology. Doctoral dissertation, University of Arizona

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Leland J (2016) Starring in Someone Else’s Film. New York Times MB4

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Micro and Nano Systems Letters
Abbreviation	Micro Nano Syst. Lett.
ISSN (online)	2213-9621
Scope