How to format your references using the Micro and Nano Systems Letters citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Micro and Nano Systems Letters. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Moffatt HK (2000) Euler’s disk and its finite-time singularity. Nature 404:833–834

A journal article with 2 authors

Subang MC, Richardson PM (2009) Neuroscience. Nuclear power for axonal growth. Science 326:238–239

A journal article with 3 authors

Padhi AK, Jayaram B, Gomes J (2013) Prediction of functional loss of human angiogenin mutants associated with ALS by molecular dynamics simulations. Sci Rep 3:1225

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Holm TM, Habashi JP, Doyle JJ, et al (2011) Noncanonical TGFβ signaling contributes to aortic aneurysm progression in Marfan syndrome mice. Science 332:358–361

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Sanders S (2015) Seizures in Dogs and Cats. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Dabbagh N (2016) Learning Technologies and Globalization: Pedagogical Frameworks and Applications, 1st ed. 2016. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Oku K, Tung TS, Hattori F (2011) Collaborative Filtering for Predicting Users’ Potential Preferences. In: König A, Dengel A, Hinkelmann K, et al (eds) Knowledge-Based and Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems: 15th International Conference, KES 2011, Kaiserslautern, Germany, September 12-14, 2011, Proceedings, Part IV. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 44–52

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Micro and Nano Systems Letters.

Blog post

Davis J (2016) Researchers Create Regenerative Tooth Fillings. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/researchers-create-regenerative-tooth-fillings/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1992) Tax Systems Modernization: IRS’ Use of Consultants to Do the TMAC Price/Technical Tradeoff Analysis. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Liao W (2010) The epitope specificity of the human anti-Candida albicans antibody M1g1. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

de la MERCED MJ (2017) Buffett Bets on Energy With $9 Billion Bid for Texas Utility. New York Times B1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Micro and Nano Systems Letters
Abbreviation	Micro Nano Syst. Lett.
ISSN (online)	2213-9621
Scope