How to format your references using the Medicines citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Medicines. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Stuessy, T.F. Evolutionary Biology: Sympatric Plant Speciation in Islands? Nature 2006, 443, E12; discussion E12-3.

A journal article with 2 authors

Gao, L.-Z.; Innan, H. Very Low Gene Duplication Rate in the Yeast Genome. Science 2004, 306, 1367–1370.

A journal article with 3 authors

Mavrodiev, P.; Tessone, C.J.; Schweitzer, F. Quantifying the Effects of Social Influence. Sci. Rep. 2013, 3, 1360.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Zillohu, A.U.; Abdelaziz, R.; Homaeigohar, S.; Krasnov, I.; Müller, M.; Strunskus, T.; Elbahri, M. Biomimetic Transferable Surface for a Real Time Control over Wettability and Photoerasable Writing with Water Drop Lens. Sci. Rep. 2014, 4, 7407.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Speight, J.G.; Singh, K. Environmental Management of Energy from Biofuels and Biofeedstocks; John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Hoboken, NJ, 2014; ISBN 9781118915141.

An edited book

Essentials of Chinese Medicine; Liu, Z., Ed.; Springer: London, 2009; ISBN 9781848825925.

A chapter in an edited book

Cooper, J. Analysis of Agri-Environmental Payment Programs. In Applications of Simulation Methods in Environmental and Resource Economics; Scarpa, R., Alberini, A., Eds.; The Economics of Non-Market Goods and Resources; Springer Netherlands: Dordrecht, 2005; pp. 77–95 ISBN 9781402036835.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Medicines.

Blog post

Fang, J. Antifreeze from Ticks Offer Frostbite Protection for Mice Available online: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/antifreeze-ticks-offer-frostbite-protection-mice/ (accessed on 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office Federal Judicial Space Follow-Up; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 1994;

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Parhad, A. Energy Scavenging Using Piezoelectric Sensors to Power in Pavement Intelligent Vehicle Detection Systems. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach: Long Beach, CA, 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kishkovsky, S. Elena Obraztsova, 75, Jewel of the Bolshoi Opera, Is Dead. New York Times 2015, A15.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Medicines
Abbreviation	Medicines (Basel)
ISSN (online)	2305-6320
Scope