How to format your references using the Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Stace, A. 2001. Chemistry. Cluster solutions. Science (New York, N.Y.) 294: 1292–1293.

A journal article with 2 authors

Reilly, Stephen M., and Thomas D. White. 2003. Hypaxial motor patterns and the function of epipubic bones in primitive mammals. Science (New York, N.Y.) 299: 400–402.

A journal article with 3 authors

Wang, Lifan, Dietrich Baade, and Ferdinando Patat. 2007. Spectropolarimetric diagnostics of thermonuclear supernova explosions. Science (New York, N.Y.) 315: 212–214.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Brown, M., F. P. Assen, A. Leithner, J. Abe, H. Schachner, G. Asfour, Z. Bago-Horvath, et al. 2018. Lymph node blood vessels provide exit routes for metastatic tumor cell dissemination in mice. Science (New York, N.Y.) 359: 1408–1411.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Leung, Mei-Yung, Isabelle Yee Shan Chan, and Cary L. Cooper. 2014. Stress Management in the Construction Industry. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Lee, Young Pak. 2016. Metamaterials for Perfect Absorption. Edited by Joo Yull Rhee, Young Joon Yoo, and Ki Won Kim. Vol. 236. Springer Series in Materials Science. Singapore: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Kafle, Madhav. 2014. EAP in Nepal. In English for Academic Purposes (EAP) in Asia: Negotiating Appropriate Practices in a Global Context, ed. Indika Liyanage and Tony Walker, 51–64. Rotterdam: SensePublishers.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy.

Blog post

Andrews, Robin. 2016. 6,000-Year-Old Amulet Represents A Tech That Helped Take Humanity Into Space. IFLScience. IFLScience. November 17.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2006. Offshoring in Six Human Services Programs: Offshoring Occurs in Most States, Primarily in Customer Service and Software Development. GAO-06-342. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Baugh, Joseph B. 2008. Deregulation and management strategies: A case study of Georgia System Operations Corporation. Doctoral dissertation, Minneapolis, MN: Capella University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hubbard, Ben. 2016. An Online Purveyor of Polygamous Bliss. New York Times, September 20.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Stace 2001).
This sentence cites two references (Stace 2001; Reilly and White 2003).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Reilly and White 2003)
Three or more authors: (Brown et al. 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy
Abbreviation	Med. Health Care Philos.
ISSN (print)	1386-7423
ISSN (online)	1572-8633
Scope	Health Policy Education Health(social science)