How to format your references using the Medicina Fluminensis citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Medicina Fluminensis. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Emlen DJ. Costs and the diversification of exaggerated animal structures. Science. 2001 Feb 23;291(5508):1534–6.

A journal article with 2 authors

Core LJ, Lis JT. Transcription regulation through promoter-proximal pausing of RNA polymerase II. Science. 2008 Mar 28;319(5871):1791–2.

A journal article with 3 authors

Shay JW, Reddel RR, Wright WE. Cancer. Cancer and telomeres--an ALTernative to telomerase. Science. 2012 Jun 15;336(6087):1388–90.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

King DA, Peckham C, Waage JK, Brownlie J, Woolhouse MEJ. Epidemiology. Infectious diseases: preparing for the future. Science. 2006 Sep 8;313(5792):1392–3.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society (TMS). Supplemental Proceedings. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2011.

An edited book

Leatham KR, editor. Vital Directions for Mathematics Education Research. New York, NY: Springer; 2013. IX, 207 p.

A chapter in an edited book

Mohammadi A, Akl SG. Number of Processors with Partitioning Strategy and EDF-Schedulability Test: Upper and Lower Bounds with Comparison. In: Stojmenovic I, Thulasiram RK, Yang LT, Jia W, Guo M, Mello RF de, editors. Parallel and Distributed Processing and Applications: 5th International Symposium, ISPA 2007 Niagara Falls, Canada, August 29-31, 2007 Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2007. p. 20–31. (Hutchison D, Kanade T, Kittler J, Kleinberg JM, Mattern F, Mitchell JC, et al., editors. Lecture Notes in Computer Science).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Medicina Fluminensis.

Blog post

Fang J. New Magnetic Shield Protects Next-Generation Physics Experiments [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/physics/new-magnetic-shield-protects-next-generation-physics-experiments/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Major Management Challenges and Program Risks: National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2001 Jan. Report No.: GAO-01-258.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hau CC. Beliefs of nurse practitioner students toward testicular cancer and teaching testicular self-examinations [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Castle S. As Clock Ticks on Exit From E.U., Britain Seems Adrift. New York Times. 2017 Jul 20;A6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Medicina Fluminensis
Abbreviation	Med. Flum.
ISSN (print)	0025-7729
Scope	General Medicine