How to format your references using the Maritime Studies citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Maritime Studies. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Mattick, John S. 2005. The functional genomics of noncoding RNA. Science (New York, N.Y.) 309: 1527–1528.

A journal article with 2 authors

Li, Ran, and Yi Wang. 2013. Neural mechanism for sensing fast motion in dim light. Scientific reports 3: 3159.

A journal article with 3 authors

Lutz, Wolfgang, Raya Muttarak, and Erich Striessnig. 2014. Environment and development. Universal education is key to enhanced climate adaptation. Science (New York, N.Y.) 346: 1061–1062.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Coronado, E., J. R. Galán-Mascarós, C. J. Gómez-García, and V. Laukhin. 2000. Coexistence of ferromagnetism and metallic conductivity in a molecule-based layered compound. Nature 408: 447–449.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kesidis, George. 2007. An Introduction to Communication Network Analysis. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Siddique, Rafat. 2011. Supplementary Cementing Materials. Edited by Mohammad Iqbal Khan. Vol. 37. Engineering Materials. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

de Amorim, Renato Cordeiro, and Trevor Fenner. 2012. Weighting Features for Partition around Medoids Using the Minkowski Metric. In Advances in Intelligent Data Analysis XI: 11th International Symposium, IDA 2012, Helsinki, Finland, October 25-27, 2012. Proceedings, ed. Jaakko Hollmén, Frank Klawonn, and Allan Tucker, 35–44. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Maritime Studies.

Blog post

Andrew, Danielle. 2017. These Doomsday Shelters For The 1% Make Up The Largest Private Bunker Community On Earth. IFLScience. IFLScience. January 3.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1995. Central Artery/Tunnel Project. RCED-95-213R. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Carrier, Tiffany H. 2017. Using Grunig’s Situational Theory for Analysis of Frames in Human Trafficking Awareness Organizations’ YouTube Videos. Doctoral dissertation, Lafayette, LA: University of Louisiana.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Protess, Ben, and Matt Apuzzo. 2017. Tougher on Corporate Crime. For Now. New York Times, January 12.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Mattick 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Mattick 2005; Li and Wang 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Li and Wang 2013)
Three or more authors: (Coronado et al. 2000)

About the journal

Full journal title	Maritime Studies
Abbreviation	Marit. Stud.
ISSN (online)	2212-9790
Scope	Aquatic Science Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law Water Science and Technology Development Geography, Planning and Development