How to format your references using the Marine Structures citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Marine Structures. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Jauch R. Scientists and societies. Horizons in molecular biology. Nature 2005;433:904.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

LeRoy BJ, Yankowitz M. Physics. Emergent complex states in bilayer graphene. Science 2014;345:31–2.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Bakshy E, Messing S, Adamic LA. Political science. Exposure to ideologically diverse news and opinion on Facebook. Science 2015;348:1130–2.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Sahu S, Ghosh S, Fujita D, Bandyopadhyay A. Live visualizations of single isolated tubulin protein self-assembly via tunneling current: effect of electromagnetic pumping during spontaneous growth of microtubule. Sci Rep 2014;4:7303.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Chappell D. The JCT Standard Building Contract 2011. Oxford: John Wiley & Sons; 2014.

An edited book

[1]

Bramer M, Petridis M, editors. Research and Development in Intelligent Systems XXIX: Incorporating Applications and Innovations in Intelligent Systems XX Proceedings of AI-2012, The Thirty-second SGAI International Conference on Innovative Techniques and Applications of Artificial Intelligence. London: Springer; 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Sahayaraj K, Balasubramanian R. Gut Enzyme Profile. In: Balasubramanian R, editor. Artificial Rearing of Reduviid Predators for Pest Management, Singapore: Springer; 2016, p. 103–20.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Marine Structures.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. New cancer-hunting ‘nano-robots’ to seek and destroy tumours. IFLScience 2014. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/new-cancer-hunting-nano-robots-seek-and-destroy-tumours/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Stafford Student Loans: Lower Subsidy Payments Could Achieve Savings Without Affecting Access. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1992.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Hong AN. A Diastereomeric Strategy in the Construction of Homochiral Metal-Organic Architectures. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Ramirez A. A Fitting Farewell to a Literate and Offbeat Character. New York Times 2008:A37.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Marine Structures
Abbreviation	Mar. Struct.
ISSN (print)	0951-8339
Scope	Mechanical Engineering Mechanics of Materials Ocean Engineering General Materials Science

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