How to format your references using the Marine Structures citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Marine Structures. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Fishell G. Hurricane Sandy: After the deluge. Nature 2013;496:421–2.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Belden WJ, Barlowe C. Role of Erv29p in collecting soluble secretory proteins into ER-derived transport vesicles. Science 2001;294:1528–31.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Moreno E, Basler K, Morata G. Cells compete for decapentaplegic survival factor to prevent apoptosis in Drosophila wing development. Nature 2002;416:755–9.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Fricke C, Lee JS, Geiger-Rudolph S, Bonhoeffer F, Chien CB. astray, a zebrafish roundabout homolog required for retinal axon guidance. Science 2001;292:507–10.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Davis JH. Statistics for Compensation. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2011.

An edited book

[1]

Vathy-Fogarassy Á. Graph-Based Clustering and Data Visualization Algorithms. London: Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Duncan GT, Elliot M, Salazar-González J-J. Protecting Tabular Data. In: Elliot M, Salazar-González J-J, editors. Statistical Confidentiality: Principles and Practice, New York, NY: Springer; 2011, p. 65–92.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Marine Structures.

Blog post

[1]

Andrews R. The Earth’s Mantle Is Hotter Than Anyone Previously Thought. IFLScience 2017. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/earths-mantle-hotter-anyone-previously-thought/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Library Services for Those with Disabilities: Additional Steps Needed to Ease Access to Services and Modernize Technology. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2016.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Hannington RL. Power and display in the court music of Augustus the Strong: The influences affecting the composition of Johann David Heinichens’s sinfonias. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, 2011.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Knight M. Ms. Ubiquity. New York Times 2013:MM32.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Marine Structures
Abbreviation	Mar. Struct.
ISSN (print)	0951-8339
Scope	Mechanical Engineering Mechanics of Materials Ocean Engineering General Materials Science