How to format your references using the Marine Structures citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Marine Structures. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Tyran J-R. Economics. Money illusion and the market. Science 2007;317:1042–3.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Stark JM, Hart SC. Nitrogen storage: UV-B radiation and soil microbial communities. Nature 2003;423:137–8; discussion 138.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Prosser BL, Ward CW, Lederer WJ. X-ROS signaling: rapid mechano-chemo transduction in heart. Science 2011;333:1440–5.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Martincorena I, Fowler JC, Wabik A, Lawson ARJ, Abascal F, Hall MWJ, et al. Somatic mutant clones colonize the human esophagus with age. Science 2018;362:911–7.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Müller B, Van de Voorde M. Nanoscience and Nanotechnology for Human Health. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2017.

An edited book

[1]

O’Sullivan B, editor. Principles and Practice of Constraint Programming: 20th International Conference, CP 2014, Lyon, France, September 8-12, 2014. Proceedings. vol. 8656. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Das A. Differentiable Manifolds with Connections. In: Das A, editor. Tensors: The Mathematics of Relativity Theory and Continuum Mechanics, New York, NY: Springer; 2007, p. 92–120.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Marine Structures.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. Giant Squid Tries To Steal Fish From Russian Fishing Boat. IFLScience 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Exempting FAA from Procurement and Personnel Rules. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1995.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Nolan C. Safety Mindfulness: The Incorporation of Low-Dose Mindfulness as a Leading Edge Safety Intervention. Doctoral dissertation. Pepperdine University, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Branch J. A Coming-Home Party 40 Years in the Making. New York Times 2015:SP8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Marine Structures
Abbreviation	Mar. Struct.
ISSN (print)	0951-8339
Scope	Mechanical Engineering Mechanics of Materials Ocean Engineering General Materials Science