How to format your references using the Marine Biotechnology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Marine Biotechnology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Koen D (2005) Nuts and bolts. Online applications. Nature 433:90

A journal article with 2 authors

Kobayashi T, Ganley ARD (2005) Recombination regulation by transcription-induced cohesin dissociation in rDNA repeats. Science 309:1581–1584

A journal article with 3 authors

Fernandes CC, Podos J, Lundberg JG (2004) Amazonian ecology: tributaries enhance the diversity of electric fishes. Science 305:1960–1962

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Carpena P, Bernaola-Galván P, Ivanov PC, Stanley HE (2002) Metal-insulator transition in chains with correlated disorder. Nature 418:955–959

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Pagliaro M (2010) Nano-Age. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany

An edited book

Safir MP, Wallach HS, Rizzo A “skip” (eds) (2015) Future Directions in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment. Springer US, Boston, MA

A chapter in an edited book

Kyriazis D, Menychtas A, Varvarigou T, et al (2007) An Open Architecture for QoS Information in Business Grids. In: Priol T, Vanneschi M (eds) Towards Next Generation Grids: Proceedings of the CoreGRID Symposium 2007. Springer US, Boston, MA, pp 37–49

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Marine Biotechnology.

Blog post

Andrews R (2015) Extraordinary Artificial Skin Can Transmit Sense Of Touch To Brain Cells. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1971) Need To Remove More Low-Cost, Low-Usage Items From Inventories. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Johnson EA (2008) Factors associated with post-stroke depressive symptoms and quality of life. Doctoral dissertation, Indiana University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Donadio R (2015) A Russian Art Leader’s Bold Goal: Engaging the West. New York Times C1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Koen 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Koen 2005; Kobayashi and Ganley 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Kobayashi and Ganley 2005)
Three or more authors: (Carpena et al. 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Marine Biotechnology
Abbreviation	Mar. Biotechnol. (NY)
ISSN (print)	1436-2228
ISSN (online)	1436-2236
Scope	Aquatic Science Biotechnology Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology