How to format your references using the Marine Biotechnology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Marine Biotechnology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Alberts B (2012) H5N1. Introduction. Science 336:1521

A journal article with 2 authors

Maher BA, Dennis PF (2001) Evidence against dust-mediated control of glacial-interglacial changes in atmospheric CO2. Nature 411:176–180

A journal article with 3 authors

Morgan JLW, Strumillo J, Zimmer J (2013) Crystallographic snapshot of cellulose synthesis and membrane translocation. Nature 493:181–186

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Alter G, Heckerman D, Schneidewind A, et al (2011) HIV-1 adaptation to NK-cell-mediated immune pressure. Nature 476:96–100

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Gray R (2011) A History of American Literature. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Lefere P, Gryspeerdt S (eds) (2006) Virtual Colonoscopy: A Practical Guide. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Chen Y-W, Lee Y-L, Peng I-H (2006) Connection Control by Virtual Admission in Wireless LAN Environment. In: Cheng X, Li W, Znati T (eds) Wireless Algorithms, Systems, and Applications: First International Conference, WASA 2006, Xi’an, China, August 15-17, 2006. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 14–25

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Marine Biotechnology.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) Astronomers Spot A Black Hole That Looks Just Like A Bullseye. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/black-hole-archery-hits-bullseye/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2007) Older Driver Safety: Knowledge Sharing Should Help States Prepare for Increase in Older Driver Population. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Moreau GA (2009) Touch and psychotherapy: A journey to the depths of the unconscious and back again. Doctoral dissertation, Pacifica Graduate Institute

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Feeney K (2012) At the Gym Site, Food For Fitness Lovers. New York Times NJ8

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Alberts 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Maher and Dennis 2001; Alberts 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Maher and Dennis 2001)
Three or more authors: (Alter et al. 2011)

About the journal

Full journal title	Marine Biotechnology
Abbreviation	Mar. Biotechnol. (NY)
ISSN (print)	1436-2228
ISSN (online)	1436-2236
Scope	Aquatic Science Biotechnology Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology