How to format your references using the Manufacturing Letters citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Manufacturing Letters. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Rutishauser U. Gerald Edelman (1929-2014). Nature 2014;510:474.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Turck F, Coupland G. Plant science. When vernalization makes sense. Science 2011;331:36–7.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Huang J, Pray C, Rozelle S. Enhancing the crops to feed the poor. Nature 2002;418:678–84.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Fuentes-Prior P, Iwanaga Y, Huber R, Pagila R, Rumennik G, Seto M, et al. Structural basis for the anticoagulant activity of the thrombin-thrombomodulin complex. Nature 2000;404:518–25.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Xu QA, Madden TL. Analytical Methods for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Toxicology. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2011.

An edited book

[1]

Grimbizis GF, Campo R, Tarlatzis BC, Gordts S, editors. Female Genital Tract Congenital Malformations: Classification, Diagnosis and Management. London: Springer; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Nissen MD, Lambert SB, Whiley DM, Sloots TP. Respiratory Infections. In: Schuller M, Sloots TP, James GS, Halliday CL, Carter IWJ, editors. PCR for Clinical Microbiology: An Australian and International Perspective, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2010, p. 67–82.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Manufacturing Letters.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew D. The Science Of Finding Buried Bodies. IFLScience 2017. https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/the-science-of-finding-buried-bodies/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Reports Issued in June 1989. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1989.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Cervantes-Kelly MD. Translation and interpretation as a means to improve bilingual high school students’ English and Spanish academic language proficiency. Doctoral dissertation. University of Arizona, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Barron J. Once Ordered Removed, Statue Is Now Embraced by Church. New York Times 2016:A16.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Manufacturing Letters
Abbreviation	Manuf. Lett.
ISSN (print)	2213-8463
Scope	Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Mechanics of Materials