How to format your references using the Mammalian Biology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Mammalian Biology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Norman, M., 2004. Physics. Have cuprates earned their stripes? Science 303, 1985–1986.

A journal article with 2 authors

Koos, E., Willenbacher, N., 2011. Capillary forces in suspension rheology. Science 331, 897–900.

A journal article with 3 authors

Zhang, Z., Huang, X., Lu, H., 2014. Association between red blood cell transfusion and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants. Sci. Rep. 4, 4340.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Mount, A.S., Wheeler, A.P., Paradkar, R.P., Snider, D., 2004. Hemocyte-mediated shell mineralization in the eastern oyster. Science 304, 297–300.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Wesche, R., 2015. Physical Properties of High-Temperature Superconductors. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Shelly, T., Epsky, N., Jang, E.B., Reyes-Flores, J., Vargas, R. (Eds.), 2014. Trapping and the Detection, Control, and Regulation of Tephritid Fruit Flies: Lures, Area-Wide Programs, and Trade Implications. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht.

A chapter in an edited book

Wilson, K.B., Gedeon, D.R., 2006. Status of Pulse Tube Cryocooler Development at Sunpower, in: Ross, R.G. (Ed.), Cryocoolers 13. Springer US, Boston, MA, pp. 31–40.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Mammalian Biology.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2015. How A Hacker Could Hijack A Plane From Their Seat [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2014. High-Containment Laboratories: Recent Incidents of Biosafety Lapses (No. GAO-14-785T). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kashyap, S.K., 2017. Bit Error Rate Performance of 4x2 Space-Time MIMO-OFDM Conjugate Cancellation Techniques (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Barnard, A., 2017. Russia Says Deal Will Bar Americans From Flying in Most of Syria’s Airspace. New York Times A9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Norman, 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Koos and Willenbacher, 2011; Norman, 2004).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Koos and Willenbacher, 2011)
Three or more authors: (Mount et al., 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Mammalian Biology
Abbreviation	Mamm. Biol.
ISSN (print)	1616-5047
Scope	Animal Science and Zoology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics