How to format your references using the Mammal Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Mammal Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Frenkel D (2006) Materials science. Colloidal encounters: a matter of attraction. Science 314:768–769

A journal article with 2 authors

Keller GB, Hahnloser RHR (2009) Neural processing of auditory feedback during vocal practice in a songbird. Nature 457:187–190

A journal article with 3 authors

Brown CD, Johnson DS, Sidow A (2007) Functional architecture and evolution of transcriptional elements that drive gene coexpression. Science 317:1557–1560

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Fickler R, Krenn M, Lapkiewicz R, et al (2013) Real-time imaging of quantum entanglement. Sci Rep 3:1914

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Berthold HJ, Binnewies M (2005) Chemisches Grundpraktikum. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, FRG

An edited book

Mansouri F (ed) (2015) Cultural, Religious and Political Contestations: The Multicultural Challenge. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Chou E, Güntürk CS, Krahmer F, et al (2015) Noise-Shaping Quantization Methods for Frame-Based and Compressive Sampling Systems. In: Pfander GE (ed) Sampling Theory, a Renaissance: Compressive Sensing and Other Developments. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 157–184

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Mammal Research.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) Mutant Red-Fanged Funnel-Web Spider Discovered. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/blood-red-funnel-web-spider-discovered/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2006) Abstinence Education: Efforts to Assess the Accuracy and Effectiveness of Federally Funded Programs. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Choi Y (2012) Three essays on econometrics. Doctoral dissertation, Indiana University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kenigsberg B (2017) Review: ‘Carrie Pilby,’ Saved by Bel Powley, Superhero. New York Times C9

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Frenkel 2006).
This sentence cites two references (Frenkel 2006; Keller and Hahnloser 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Keller and Hahnloser 2009)
Three or more authors: (Fickler et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Mammal Research
Abbreviation	Mamm. Res.
ISSN (print)	2199-2401
ISSN (online)	2199-241X
Scope	Animal Science and Zoology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

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