How to format your references using the Mammal Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Mammal Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bhatia M (2010) Developmental biology. Microenvironment mimicry. Science 329:1024–1025

A journal article with 2 authors

Bjørnstad ON, Grenfell BT (2001) Noisy clockwork: time series analysis of population fluctuations in animals. Science 293:638–643

A journal article with 3 authors

Sugawara T, Kano F, Murata M (2014) Rab2A is a pivotal switch protein that promotes either secretion or ER-associated degradation of (pro)insulin in insulin-secreting cells. Sci Rep 4:6952

A journal article with 5 or more authors

O’Neil J, Carlson RW, Francis D, Stevenson RK (2008) Neodymium-142 evidence for Hadean mafic crust. Science 321:1828–1831

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

The Chartered Institute of Building (2008) Code of Practice for Project Management for Construction and Development. Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, UK

An edited book

Machala Z, Hensel K, Akishev Y (eds) (2012) Plasma for Bio-Decontamination, Medicine and Food Security. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht

A chapter in an edited book

Wafer A (2016) The Spirit of Hillbrow: Religion and the Ordering of Social Space in Inner-City Johannesburg. In: Wilhelm-Solomon M, Núñez L, Kankonde Bukasa P, Malcomess B (eds) Routes and Rites to the City: Mobility, Diversity and Religious Space in Johannesburg. Palgrave Macmillan UK, London, pp 117–136

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Mammal Research.

Blog post

Hamilton K (2017) The Largest Living Thing On Earth Is Mostly Hidden From View. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1993) Tax Abatement. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Colker JO (2008) A grounded theory approach to developing a theory of leadership through a case study of ShoreBank. Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Belson K, Pilon M (2012) Track Town USA and Meet It Wants to Keep. New York Times D3

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Bhatia 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Bjørnstad and Grenfell 2001; Bhatia 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Bjørnstad and Grenfell 2001)
Three or more authors: (O’Neil et al. 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	Mammal Research
Abbreviation	Mamm. Res.
ISSN (print)	2199-2401
ISSN (online)	2199-241X
Scope	Animal Science and Zoology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics