How to format your references using the Machine Translation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Machine Translation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Marx V (2013) Biology: The big challenges of big data. Nature 498:255–260

A journal article with 2 authors

Geller AM, Mathieu RD (2011) A mass transfer origin for blue stragglers in NGC 188 as revealed by half-solar-mass companions. Nature 478:356–359

A journal article with 3 authors

Sakai T, Larsen M, Yamada KM (2003) Fibronectin requirement in branching morphogenesis. Nature 423:876–881

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Edwards LM, Kemp GJ, Dwyer RM, et al (2013) Integrating muscle cell biochemistry and whole-body physiology in humans:(31)P-MRS data from the InSight trial. Sci Rep 3:1182

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Blicq RS, Moretto LA (2015) Writing Reports to Get Results. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, USA

An edited book

Henningfield JE, London ED, Pogun S (eds) (2009) Nicotine Psychopharmacology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Yue J (2013) Uplift Modeling Application and Methodology in Database Marketing. In: Hu M, Liu Y, Lin J (eds) Topics in Applied Statistics: 2012 Symposium of the International Chinese Statistical Association. Springer, New York, NY, pp 49–60

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Machine Translation.

Blog post

Luntz S (2017) No Males Required: Shark Switches To Asexual Reproduction. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1998) Rail Transportation: Federal Railroad Administration’s Safety Programs. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hung H-C (2006) Allocation of Jobs and Resources to Work Centers. Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

de la MERCED MJ, Fandos N (2017) Broadcaster Sets a Collision Course With Fox. New York Times A1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Marx 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Geller and Mathieu 2011; Marx 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Geller and Mathieu 2011)
Three or more authors: (Edwards et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Machine Translation
Abbreviation	Mach. Transl.
ISSN (print)	0922-6567
ISSN (online)	1573-0573
Scope	Language and Linguistics Artificial Intelligence Software Linguistics and Language