How to format your references using the Machine Translation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Machine Translation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Chapman T (2004) Starting from scratch. Nature 430:113

A journal article with 2 authors

Ćuk M, Stewart ST (2012) Making the Moon from a fast-spinning Earth: a giant impact followed by resonant despinning. Science 338:1047–1052

A journal article with 3 authors

Maret S, Bergin EA, Lada CJ (2006) A low fraction of nitrogen in molecular form in a dark cloud. Nature 442:425–427

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Quigg A, Finkel ZV, Irwin AJ, et al (2003) The evolutionary inheritance of elemental stoichiometry in marine phytoplankton. Nature 425:291–294

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Peterson RL (2016) Trading on Sentiment. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Nof SY (ed) (2009) Springer Handbook of Automation. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Gladkov LA, Gladkova NV, Leiba SN (2015) Electronic Computing Equipment Schemes Elements Placement Based on Hybrid Intelligence Approach. In: Silhavy R, Senkerik R, Oplatkova ZK, et al. (eds) Intelligent Systems in Cybernetics and Automation Theory: Proceedings of the 4th Computer Science On-line Conference 2015 (CSOC2015), Vol 2: Intelligent Systems in Cybernetics and Automation Theory. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 35–44

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Machine Translation.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) Blame It On Mum And Dad: How Genes Influence What We Eat. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1992) Biotechnology: Delays in and Status of EPA’s Efforts to Issue a TSCA Regulation. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Lee M (2009) Utilizing the Index of Learning Styles (ILS) in a technology-based publishing program. Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crawford S (2014) Back to the Digital Drawing Board. New York Times A25

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Chapman 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Chapman 2004; Ćuk and Stewart 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Ćuk and Stewart 2012)
Three or more authors: (Quigg et al. 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	Machine Translation
Abbreviation	Mach. Transl.
ISSN (print)	0922-6567
ISSN (online)	1573-0573
Scope	Language and Linguistics Artificial Intelligence Software Linguistics and Language