How to format your references using the Local Environment citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Local Environment. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

DeFelice, Louis J. 2004. “Going against the Flow.” Nature 432 (7015): 279.

A journal article with 2 authors

Clutton-Brock, Tim, and Ben C. Sheldon. 2010. “Ecology. The Seven Ages of Pan.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 327 (5970): 1207–1208.

A journal article with 3 authors

Alvarado, Diego, Daryl E. Klein, and Mark A. Lemmon. 2009. “ErbB2 Resembles an Autoinhibited Invertebrate Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor.” Nature 461 (7261): 287–291.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Calvo, M. Reyes, Joaquín Fernández-Rossier, Juan José Palacios, David Jacob, Douglas Natelson, and Carlos Untiedt. 2009. “The Kondo Effect in Ferromagnetic Atomic Contacts.” Nature 458 (7242): 1150–1153.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bates, Juliet, Chris Gallon, Matthew Bocci, Stuart Walker, and Tom Taylor. 2006. Converged Multimedia Networks. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Cheung, Chi-Kim, ed. 2016. Media Literacy Education in China. Singapore: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Kreinovich, Vladik, and Max Shpak. 2008. “Decomposable Aggregability in Population Genetics and Evolutionary Computations: Algorithms and Computational Complexity.” In Computational Intelligence in Medical Informatics, edited by Arpad Kelemen, Ajith Abraham, and Yulan Liang, 69–92. Studies in Computational Intelligence. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Local Environment.

Blog post

Andrew, Elise. 2014. “New State Of Matter Discovered in Chicken Eyes.” IFLScience. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2000. Transit Grants: Department of Labor’s Certification Process. T-RCED-00-157. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Miller, Raymond J. 2012. “An Investigation Examining the Perceived Implications of Principal Leadership Changing A Large Comprehensive High School into Smaller Learning Communities.” Doctoral dissertation, Washington, DC: George Washington University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Turkewitz, Julie, Richard Pérez-Peña, and Jack Healy. 2017. “Deluged and Weary, Texas Braces for Years of Recovery.” New York Times, August 28.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (DeFelice 2004).
This sentence cites two references (DeFelice 2004; Clutton-Brock and Sheldon 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Clutton-Brock and Sheldon 2010)
Three authors: (Alvarado, Klein, and Lemmon 2009)
4 or more authors: (Calvo et al. 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Local Environment
Abbreviation	Local Environ.
ISSN (print)	1354-9839
ISSN (online)	1469-6711
Scope	Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law Geography, Planning and Development