How to format your references using the Liquid Crystals Reviews citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Liquid Crystals Reviews. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Fanelli D. Redefine misconduct as distorted reporting. Nature. 2013;494(7436):149.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Bozic I, Nowak MA. Cancer. Unwanted evolution. Science. 2013;342(6161):938–939.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Pendry JB, Luo Y, Zhao R. Transforming the optical landscape. Science. 2015;348(6234):521–524.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

Ni Chonghaile T, Sarosiek KA, Vo T-T, et al. Pretreatment mitochondrial priming correlates with clinical response to cytotoxic chemotherapy. Science. 2011;334(6059):1129–1133.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Dubil R. Financial Engineering and Arbitrage in the Financial Markets. Chichester, West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.; 2011.

An edited book

[1]

Baxley TP. (In)visible Presence: Feminist Counter-Narratives of Young Adult Literature by Women of Color. Boston GH, editor. Rotterdam: SensePublishers; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Liddy ED. iSchools & the iSchool at Syracuse University. In: Chen C, Larsen R, editors. Library and Information Sciences: Trends and Research. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2014. p. 31–37.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Liquid Crystals Reviews.

Blog post

[1]

Fang J. Amoeba Eats Cells Alive, Spits out Corpses [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/amoeba-eats-cells-alive-spits-out-corpses/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Information Technology: DOD and VA Have Increased Their Sharing of Health Information, but Further Actions Are Needed. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2008. Report No.: GAO-08-1158T. .

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Waugh DL. From forgotten to remembered: The long process of school desegregation in Chapel Hill, North Carolina and Prince Edward County, Virginia [Doctoral dissertation]. [Chapel Hill, NC]: University of North Carolina; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Vecsey G. Informal Mets Stroll Toward The Season. New York Times. 2010 Mar 2;B14.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Liquid Crystals Reviews
Abbreviation	Liq. Cryst. Rev.
ISSN (print)	2168-0396
ISSN (online)	2168-0418
Scope	General Chemistry General Materials Science Condensed Matter Physics