How to format your references using the Liquid Crystals Reviews citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Liquid Crystals Reviews. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Bonnell DA. Materials science. Ferroelectric organic materials catch up with oxides. Science. 2013;339:401–402.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Fradkin E, Kivelson SA. Physics. Electron nematic phases proliferate. Science. 2010;327:155–156.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Hren MT, Tice MM, Chamberlain CP. Oxygen and hydrogen isotope evidence for a temperate climate 3.42 billion years ago. Nature. 2009;462:205–208.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

O’Sullivan MC, Sprafke JK, Kondratuk DV, et al. Vernier templating and synthesis of a 12-porphyrin nano-ring. Nature. 2011;469:72–75.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Ibe OC. Elements of Random Walk and Diffusion Processes. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2013.

An edited book

[1]

Klemm R. Gold and Gold Mining in Ancient Egypt and Nubia: Geoarchaeology of the Ancient Gold Mining Sites in the Egyptian and Sudanese Eastern Deserts. Klemm D, editor. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Trede F, Flowers R. Patient-Centred Context of Health Practice Relationships. In: Higgs J, Croker A, Tasker D, et al., editors. Health Practice Relationships. Rotterdam: SensePublishers; 2014. p. 37–46.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Liquid Crystals Reviews.

Blog post

[1]

Fang J. Small Dog-Sized Dinosaur Discovered in Venezuela. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. NASA: Commercial Partners Are Making Progress, but Face Aggressive Schedules to Demonstrate Critical Space Station Cargo Transport Capabilities. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2009. Report No.: GAO-09-618. .

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Perelygin K. Developing physics simulations with OpenCL on a graphics processing unit [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Vecsey G. A 96-Team Tournament? Now That’s Madness. New York Times. 2010 Mar 7;SP6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Liquid Crystals Reviews
Abbreviation	Liq. Cryst. Rev.
ISSN (print)	2168-0396
ISSN (online)	2168-0418
Scope	General Chemistry General Materials Science Condensed Matter Physics