How to format your references using the Life Sciences in Space Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Life Sciences in Space Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hedrick, P.W., 2004. Comment on “Parasite selection for immunogenetic optimality.” Science 303, 957; author reply 957.

A journal article with 2 authors

Limardo, A.J., Worden, A.Z., 2015. Microbiology: Exclusive networks in the sea. Nature 522, 36–37.

A journal article with 3 authors

Soroceanu, L., Akhavan, A., Cobbs, C.S., 2008. Platelet-derived growth factor-alpha receptor activation is required for human cytomegalovirus infection. Nature 455, 391–395.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Mitchell, B., Jacobs, R., Li, J., Chien, S., Kintner, C., 2007. A positive feedback mechanism governs the polarity and motion of motile cilia. Nature 447, 97–101.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Horton, I., 2010. Ivor Horton’s Beginning Visual C++® 2010. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Abramowicz, W. (Ed.), 2011. Business Information Systems: 14th International Conference, BIS 2011, Poznań, Poland, June 15-17, 2011. Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Lei, S., Hailang, P., Guo, C., Chengrong, L., 2011. Chinese Chess Recognition Based on Log-Polar Transform and FFT, in: Murgante, B., Gervasi, O., Iglesias, A., Taniar, D., Apduhan, B.O. (Eds.), Computational Science and Its Applications - ICCSA 2011: International Conference, Santander, Spain, June 20-23, 2011. Proceedings, Part IV, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 50–58.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Life Sciences in Space Research.

Blog post

Luntz, S., 2015. Antibody Drug Gives New Life To Chronic Fatigue Sufferers [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/cancer-drug-gives-new-life-chronic-fatigue-sufferers/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2004. Commercial Aviation: Despite Industry Turmoil, Low-Cost Airlines Are Growing and Profitable (No. GAO-04-837T). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Myers, K.E., 2012. The First Determination of the Proton’s Weak Charge Through Parity-Violating Asymmetry Measurements in Elastic e + p and e + Al Scattering (Doctoral dissertation). George Washington University, Washington, DC.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh, M.W., 2017. Puerto Rico’s Power Agency Defaults Over Debt. New York Times B2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Hedrick, 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Hedrick, 2004; Limardo and Worden, 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Limardo and Worden, 2015)
Three or more authors: (Mitchell et al., 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	Life Sciences in Space Research
Abbreviation	Life Sci. Space Res. (Amst.)
ISSN (print)	2214-5524
Scope