How to format your references using the Learning, Culture and Social Interaction citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Learning, Culture and Social Interaction. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Martin, J. (2011). Perspective: Don’t foul the water. Nature, 474(7352), S17.

A journal article with 2 authors

Dimond, A., & Fraser, P. (2013). Molecular biology. Long noncoding RNAs Xist in three dimensions. Science (New York, N.Y.), 341(6147), 720–721.

A journal article with 3 authors

Haas, J., Creamer, W., & Ruiz, A. (2004). Dating the Late Archaic occupation of the Norte Chico region in Peru. Nature, 432(7020), 1020–1023.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Hoffmeister, K. M., Josefsson, E. C., Isaac, N. A., Clausen, H., Hartwig, J. H., & Stossel, T. P. (2003). Glycosylation restores survival of chilled blood platelets. Science (New York, N.Y.), 301(5639), 1531–1534.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Rieth, M. (2012). Pharmazeutische Mikrobiologie. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.

An edited book

Delgado, J. M. P. Q. (Ed.). (2016). Case Studies of Building Pathology in Cultural Heritage (Vol. 7). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Jou, Y.-H. (2013). Family Relationship Quality and Its Psychological Effects Among Taiwanese Adolescents. In C.-C. Yi (Ed.), The Psychological Well-being of East Asian Youth (pp. 69–88). Springer Netherlands.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Learning, Culture and Social Interaction.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015, April 10). Being Obese Could Lower Dementia Risk, But Being Underweight Could Increase Risk. IFLScience; IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1993). GAO Rolodex Cards (148869). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Acosta, J. (2013). Building bridges: A specialized training program for professionals in school settings to address bullying in LGBTQ youth: A grant proposal [Doctoral dissertation]. California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Shear, M. D., Savage, C., & Haberman, M. (2017, June 16). Trump Rebukes Author of Memo On Comey Firing. New York Times, A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Martin, 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Dimond & Fraser, 2013; Martin, 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Dimond & Fraser, 2013)
Three authors: (Haas et al., 2004)
6 or more authors: (Hoffmeister et al., 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	Learning, Culture and Social Interaction
Abbreviation	Learn. Cult. Soc. Interact.
ISSN (print)	2210-6561
Scope	Education