How to format your references using the Language Testing in Asia citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Language Testing in Asia. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Leung, J. (2012). Plant science. Controlling hormone action by subversion and deception. Science (New York, N.Y.), 335(6064), 46–47.

A journal article with 2 authors

Nori, F., & Tonomura, A. (2006). Applied physics. Helical spin order on the move. Science (New York, N.Y.), 311(5759), 344–345.

A journal article with 3 authors

Reber, M., Burrola, P., & Lemke, G. (2004). A relative signalling model for the formation of a topographic neural map. Nature, 431(7010), 847–853.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Renwick, W. H., Smith, S. V., Sleezer, R. O., & Buddemeier, R. W. (2004). Comment on “Managing soil carbon” (II). Science (New York, N.Y.), 305(5690), 1567; author reply 1567.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Held, T. (2014). In-situ-Verfahren zur Boden- und Grundwassersanierung. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.

An edited book

Priol, T., & Vanneschi, M. (Eds.). (2008). From Grids to Service and Pervasive Computing. Boston, MA: Springer US.

A chapter in an edited book

Cox, A., Sankaranarayanan, S., & Chang, B.-Y. E. (2012). A Bit Too Precise? Bounded Verification of Quantized Digital Filters. In C. Flanagan & B. König (Eds.), Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems: 18th International Conference, TACAS 2012, Held as Part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2012, Tallinn, Estonia, March 24 – April 1, 2012. Proceedings (pp. 33–47). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Language Testing in Asia.

Blog post

Andrews, R. (2017, February 23). Democrat And Republican Lawmakers Rally Against Anti-Vaxxer Movement. IFLScience. IFLScience. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1988). Toward Equality: Education of the Deaf (No. 135760). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Claypool, K. K. (2017). Organizational Success: How the Presence of Happiness in the Workplace Affects Employee Engagement that Leads to Organizational Success (Doctoral dissertation). Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Feeney, K. (2010, November 21). When the Pie Line Grows Long. New York Times, p. NJ15.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Leung 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Leung 2012; Nori and Tonomura 2006).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Nori and Tonomura 2006)
Three or more authors: (Renwick et al. 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Language Testing in Asia
Abbreviation	Lang. Test. Asia
ISSN (online)	2229-0443
Scope