How to format your references using the Language and Intercultural Communication citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Language and Intercultural Communication. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Xie, Y. (2014). Sociology of science. “Undemocracy”: inequalities in science. Science (New York, N.Y.), 344(6186), 809–810.

A journal article with 2 authors

McGlade, C., & Ekins, P. (2015). The geographical distribution of fossil fuels unused when limiting global warming to 2 °C. Nature, 517(7533), 187–190.

A journal article with 3 authors

Morens, D. M., Folkers, G. K., & Fauci, A. S. (2004). The challenge of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases. Nature, 430(6996), 242–249.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Boggon, T. J., Murray, J., Chappuis-Flament, S., Wong, E., Gumbiner, B. M., & Shapiro, L. (2002). C-cadherin ectodomain structure and implications for cell adhesion mechanisms. Science (New York, N.Y.), 296(5571), 1308–1313.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Deutsche Gesellschaft für Geotechni, Laackmann, K., Balthaus, H., Braach, O., Friebel, W.-D., Hettler, A., Maidl, B., Meissner, M., Schuck, W., Schwaiger, S., Stephan, D., Thewes, M., & Wittke-Schmitt, B. (2015). Taschenbuch für den Tunnelbau 2015. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.

An edited book

Mark, D. (2009). More iPhone 3 Development: Tackling iPhone SDK 3 (J. LaMarche, Ed.). Apress.

A chapter in an edited book

Artamonov, V. A., & Chubarov, I. A. (2008). Dual Algebras of Some Semisimple Finite-dimensional Hopf Algebras. In T. Brzeziński, J. L. Gómez Pardo, I. Shestakov, & P. F. Smith (Eds.), Modules and Comodules (pp. 65–85). Birkhäuser.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Language and Intercultural Communication.

Blog post

Hale, T. (2015, October 13). Here’s What Ursula Would Look Like If She Had Evolved In Different Ocean Environments. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/buzzfeed-re-imagine-ursula-little-mermaid-if-she-evolved-different-environments/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2002). Air Force Aircraft: Preliminary Information on Air Force Tanker Leasing (GAO-02-724R). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Dickinson, S. (2013). Best practices in integrating acquisitions [Doctoral dissertation]. Pepperdine University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

MacFARQUHAR, N. (2016, September 19). Parties Backing Putin Make a Strong Showing in Elections. New York Times, A4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Xie, 2014).
This sentence cites two references (McGlade & Ekins, 2015; Xie, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (McGlade & Ekins, 2015)
Three or more authors: (Boggon et al., 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Language and Intercultural Communication
Abbreviation	Lang. Intercult. Commun.
ISSN (print)	1470-8477
ISSN (online)	1747-759X
Scope	Linguistics and Language Communication