How to format your references using the Language and Intercultural Communication citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Language and Intercultural Communication. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Lewis, S. L. (2014). Scientist-versus-activist debates mislead the public. Nature, 506(7489), 409.

A journal article with 2 authors

Trinkle, D. R., & Woodward, C. (2005). The chemistry of deformation: how solutes soften pure metals. Science (New York, N.Y.), 310(5754), 1665–1667.

A journal article with 3 authors

Szemenyei, H., Hannon, M., & Long, J. A. (2008). TOPLESS mediates auxin-dependent transcriptional repression during Arabidopsis embryogenesis. Science (New York, N.Y.), 319(5868), 1384–1386.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Siridechadilok, B., Fraser, C. S., Hall, R. J., Doudna, J. A., & Nogales, E. (2005). Structural roles for human translation factor eIF3 in initiation of protein synthesis. Science (New York, N.Y.), 310(5753), 1513–1515.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Chandler, C. (2010). The Science of ADHD. Wiley-Blackwell.

An edited book

Alekseev, V. R., Stasio, B. T. de, & Gilbert, J. J. (Eds.). (2007). Diapause in Aquatic Invertebrates Theory and Human Use (Vol. 84). Springer Netherlands.

A chapter in an edited book

Beloff, M. J. (2012). Is There A Lex Sportiva? In R. C. R. Siekmann & J. Soek (Eds.), Lex Sportiva: What is Sports Law? (pp. 69–89). T. M. C. Asser Press.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Language and Intercultural Communication.

Blog post

Andrews, R. (2015, October 26). Scientists Reveal How Gold Hitches A Ride Up To The Earth’s Crust. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/chemistry/scientists-reveal-how-gold-hitches-ride-earths-crust/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1980). Highway Safety Research and Development--Better Management Can Make It More Useful (CED-80-87A). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Gajewski, T. J. (2014). Exploring leadership styles from a mediator’s perspective: A phenomenological study examining four specific organizational leadership styles and their relationship to four mediation styles as summarized by Leonard L. Riskin [Doctoral dissertation]. Pepperdine University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly, C. (2010, June 11). A Ball Field That Feels Like Home. New York Times, C31.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Lewis, 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Lewis, 2014; Trinkle & Woodward, 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Trinkle & Woodward, 2005)
Three authors: (Szemenyei et al., 2008)
6 or more authors: (Siridechadilok et al., 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Language and Intercultural Communication
Abbreviation	Lang. Intercult. Commun.
ISSN (print)	1470-8477
ISSN (online)	1747-759X
Scope	Linguistics and Language Communication