How to format your references using the Language and Cognitive Processes citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Language and Cognitive Processes. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ma, Z. (2011). Materials science. An electronic second skin. Science (New York, N.Y.), 333(6044), 830–831.

A journal article with 2 authors

Yuan, H., & Romanowicz, B. (2010). Lithospheric layering in the North American craton. Nature, 466(7310), 1063–1068.

A journal article with 3 authors

Raviv, U., Laurat, P., & Klein, J. (2001). Fluidity of water confined to subnanometre films. Nature, 413(6851), 51–54.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Hall-Spencer, J. M., Rodolfo-Metalpa, R., Martin, S., Ransome, E., Fine, M., Turner, S. M., Rowley, S. J., Tedesco, D., & Buia, M.-C. (2008). Volcanic carbon dioxide vents show ecosystem effects of ocean acidification. Nature, 454(7200), 96–99.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Pan, C. T., Hwang, Y. M., Lin, L., & Chen, Y.-C. (2014). Design and Fabrication of Self-Powered Micro-Harvesters. John Wiley & Sons, Singapore Pte. Ltd.

An edited book

Bloothooft, G., Christen, P., Mandemakers, K., & Schraagen, M. (Eds.). (2015). Population Reconstruction (1st ed. 2015). Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Backhaus, G. F. (2009). Regulatory Aspects in Chemical Control of Fungal Diseases: Impact on Efficient Plant Production. In U. Gisi, I. Chet, & M. L. Gullino (Eds.), Recent Developments in Management of Plant Diseases (pp. 47–55). Springer Netherlands.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Language and Cognitive Processes.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015, September 9). New Cancer Drugs Are Very Expensive - Here’s How We Work Out Value For Our Money. IFLScience; IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1992). National Aero-Space Plane: Restructuring Future Research and Development Efforts (NSIAD-93-71). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Gonzaga Reed, R. R. (2017). The Impact of a Community-Based College Access Program at a Midwestern Institution [Doctoral dissertation]. Lindenwood University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Otis, J. (2016, December 26). Bypassing Stigma to Take Care of Herself and a Daughter Like Her. New York Times, A16.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Ma, 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Ma, 2011; Yuan & Romanowicz, 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Yuan & Romanowicz, 2010)
Three or more authors: (Hall-Spencer et al., 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	Language and Cognitive Processes
Abbreviation	Lang. Cogn. Process.
ISSN (print)	0169-0965
ISSN (online)	1464-0732
Scope	Language and Linguistics Experimental and Cognitive Psychology Education Linguistics and Language