How to format your references using the Langmuir citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Langmuir. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

(1)

Binder, P.-M. Physics. Reflections on a Wall of Light. Science 2008, 322 (5906), 1334–1335.

A journal article with 2 authors

(1)

Jansen, V. A. A.; Stumpf, M. P. H. Ecology. Making Sense of Evolution in an Uncertain World. Science 2005, 309 (5743), 2005–2007.

A journal article with 3 authors

(1)

Manoharan, V. N.; Elsesser, M. T.; Pine, D. J. Dense Packing and Symmetry in Small Clusters of Microspheres. Science 2003, 301 (5632), 483–487.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

(1)

Galindo, M. I.; Bishop, S. A.; Greig, S.; Couso, J. P. Leg Patterning Driven by Proximal-Distal Interactions and EGFR Signaling. Science 2002, 297 (5579), 256–259.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

(1)

Mamishev, A.; Williams, S. Technical Writing for Teams; John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Hoboken, NJ, 2010.

An edited book

(1)

Advances in Computation and Intelligence: 4th International Symposium, ISICA 2009 Huangshi, China, Ocotober 23-25, 2009 Proceedings; Cai, Z., Li, Z., Kang, Z., Liu, Y., Eds.; Lecture Notes in Computer Science; Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg, 2009; Vol. 5821.

A chapter in an edited book

(1)

Vives, J. Decomposition of the Pricing Formula for Stochastic Volatility Models Based on Malliavin-Skorohod Type Calculus. In Statistical Methods and Applications in Insurance and Finance: CIMPA School, Marrakech and Kelaat M’gouna, Morocco, April 2013; Eddahbi, M., Essaky, E. H., Vives, J., Eds.; Springer Proceedings in Mathematics & Statistics; Springer International Publishing: Cham, 2016; pp 103–123.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Langmuir.

Blog post

(1)

Taub, B. Prejudice Can Actually Change How You View Faces. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

(1)

Government Accountability Office. Digests of Unpublished Decisions of the Comptroller General of the United States, Vol. II, No. 12; 131721; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 1986.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

(1)

Watson, W. A. Middle School Students’ Experiences on a Science Museum Field Trip as Preparation for Future Learning. Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

(1)

GEORGE GENE GUSTINES; Compiled by DAVE ITZKOFF. Batman Beats Superman In the Marketplace. New York Times. February 27, 2010, p C2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Langmuir
Abbreviation	Langmuir
ISSN (print)	0743-7463
ISSN (online)	1520-5827
Scope	Electrochemistry Spectroscopy General Materials Science Condensed Matter Physics Surfaces and Interfaces