How to format your references using the Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy (KSSTA). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Langenberg H (2002) Climate of care for a changing world. Nature 417(6888):4–6

A journal article with 2 authors

Kirzhner T, Koren G (2014) Pairing and the phase diagram of the normal coherence length ξN(T, x) above Tc of La(2-x)Sr(x)CuO4 thin films probed by the Josephson effect. Sci Rep 4:6244

A journal article with 3 authors

Lee C-Y, Robinson KJ, Doe CQ (2006) Lgl, Pins and aPKC regulate neuroblast self-renewal versus differentiation. Nature 439(7076):594–598

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Pärs M, Gradmann M, Gräf K, Bauer P, Thelakkat M, Köhler J (2014) Optical gating with organic building blocks. A quantitative model for the fluorescence modulation of photochromic perylene bisimide dithienylcyclopentene triads. Sci Rep 4:4316

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Donald IW (2010) Waste Immobilization in Glass and Ceramic Based Hosts. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Bonham-Carter G, Cheng Q (Eds.) (2008) Progress in Geomathematics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Bergeron S (2016) Transgressing Gender and Development: Rethinking Economy Beyond ‘Smart Economics.’ In Dinerstein AC (ed) Social Sciences for an Other Politics: Women Theorizing Without Parachutes Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 65–77

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy.

Blog post

Fang J (2015, August 10) New Peruvian Frog Has White Splotches On Its Belly. IFLScience

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1981) [Department of Energy’s Authority To Establish a Facility at Morgantown, West Virginia].

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Gomes S (2010) The Lanterman-Petris-Short Act and the effects of deinstitutionalization on the mentally ill. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hollander S (1999, November 8) Letting Nothing Stop the Streak. New York Times

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [2].
This sentence cites two references [3, 4].
This sentence cites four references [3, 4, 6, 8].

About the journal

Full journal title	Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy
Abbreviation	Knee Surg. Sports Traumatol. Arthrosc.
ISSN (print)	0942-2056
ISSN (online)	1433-7347
Scope	Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Surgery